Arrhythmia Drugs (Exam II)

Question 1

Digoxin

Answer 1

Cardiac glycoside
Inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase
Tx: CHF, atrial tachycardias
Toxicity: Arrhythmias, vision changes
Notes: monitor carefully if given w/ other anticoag drugs

Question 2

Procainamide

Answer 2

Class IA AAD
Inhibits Na+ Channels
Tx: Atrial + ventricular tachycardias
Toxicity: Arrhythmias, hypersensitivity runs
Notes: drug interactions: PPIs (omeprazole, esomeprazole)

Question 3

Lidocaine

Answer 3

Class IB AAD
Inhibits Na+ channels
Tx: ventricular tachycardia
Toxicity: CNS
Notes: drug interactions: NSAIDs, acetazolamide, corticosteroids, spironolactone

Question 4

Flecainide

Answer 4

Class IC AAD
Inhibits Na+ channels
Tx: atrial tachycardia + A-fib in patients w/ normal ventricular function
Toxicity: arrhythmias
Notes: isolated from streptococci

Question 5

Metoprolol

Answer 5

Class II AAD
Beta-1 receptor antagonist
Tx: atrial + ventricular tachycardias; CHF, hypertension, angina
Toxicity: bradycardia, AV block, CNS sedation
Notes: 4 stereoisomers; reduces mortality in HF patients

Question 6

Amiodarone

Answer 6

Class III AAD
Inhibits K+ and Na+ channels
Tx: atrial + ventricular tachycardia
Toxicity: long QT, hypotension, pulmonary fibrosis, tissue deposits, drug interactions
Notes: Sublingual = short duration; oral = long duration

Question 7

Dronedarone

Answer 7

Class III AAD
Inhibits K+ and Na+ channels
Tx: atrial + ventricular arrhythmias
Toxicity: long QT, depressed conduction

Question 8

Dofetilide

Answer 8

Class III AAD
Inhibits K+ channels
Tx: atrial arrhythmias
Toxicity: long QT

Question 9

Sotalol

Answer 9

Class III AAD
Inhibits K+ channels and beta-adrenergic receptors
Tx: atrial + ventricular arrhythmias
Toxicity: long QT

Question 10

Verapamil (diltiazem)

Answer 10

Class IV AAD
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channel inhibitor, cardiac preferring
Tx: atrial arrhythmias (also angina, hypertension)
Toxicity: hypotension, tachycardia

Question 11

Nifedipine

Answer 11

L-type Ca2+ channel blocker
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channel inhibitor, VSM preferring
Tx: angina, hypertension
Toxicity: hypotension, tachycardia

Question 12

Adenosine

Answer 12

Nucleotide receptor agonist
Activates adenosine receptors
Tx: conversion of atrial arrhythmias
Toxicity: none