Diuretics: Ch. 2.2- Loop Flashcards
Aldosterone causes ____ and ____ excretion.
- potassium
- H+
What is the major solute resorbed in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
NaCl
This drug blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter on the luminal side of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
- reduces NaCl resorption –> water excreted .
- furosemide
- ethacrynic acid
Parathyroid hormone induces?
renal reabsorption of Ca++
Furosemide is what kind of drug? (class)
a sulfa drug
Which diuretics act upon the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
loop diuretics
____ induce the expression of COX-2, synthesizing prostaglandins that enhance salt excretion and dilate the afferent arteriole.
Loop diuretics
How does furosemide work?
- blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter on the luminal side of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
- reduces NaCl resorption –> water excreted
Loop diuretics promote the excretion of what 2 ions?
- Mg++
- Ca++
What part of the nephron is the “diluting segment”?
the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
What are the most efficacious diuretics available?
loop diuretics
Where do loop diuretics act upon in the nephron?
the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Name 2 loop diuretics.
- furosemide
- ethacrynic acid
Loop diuretics induce the expression of ______, synthesizing prostaglandins that enhance salt excretion and dilate the afferent arteriole.
COX-2
Loop diuretics induce the expression of COX-2, synthesizing _____ that enhance salt excretion and dilate the afferent arteriole.
prostaglandins
What does interstitial nephritis look like on histology?
little blue cells
Loop diuretics can cause what serum potassium change?
hypokalemia
Which ions are normally reabsorbed in the ascending loop of Henle?
- Na+
- K+
- Cl-
Loop diuretics can cause gouty arthritis. How?
they cause hyperuricemia bc of enhanced resorption of uric acid in hypovolemia
Loop diuretics induce the expression of COX-2, synthesizing prostaglandins that enhance salt excretion and _____ the afferent arteriole.
dilate
Vitamin D stimulates what?
intestinal reabsorption of Ca++
What acid-base disturbance do loop diuretics cause?
metabolic alkalosis
_____ can sometimes cause reversible ototoxicity.
Loop diuretics
How does ethacrynic acid work?
- blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter on the luminal side of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
- reduces NaCl resorption –> water excreted
Which loop diuretic can be given to pts allergic to sulfa drugs?
ethacrynic acid
What shape are uric acid crystals?
needle-shaped
Loop diuretics can cause what kind of nephritic syndrome?
interstitial nephritis
Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water?
the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
What kind of diuretic is furosemide?
a loop diuretic
Loop diuretics induce the expression of COX-2, synthesizing prostaglandins that enhance ______ and dilate the afferent arteriole.
salt excretion
Loop diuretics are potassium ______.
wasting
