Diuretics: Ch. 2-3: HCTZ, chlorthaladone Flashcards
Thiazides work by _______ by blocking the ______ in the distal convoluted tubule.
- inhibiting NaCl reabsorption
- blocking the NaCl cotransporter
About ____% of filtered sodium is absorbed at the distal convoluted tubule.
10%
The distal convoluted tubule is ____ to water.
impermeable
Calcium reabsorption is mediated by ____.
PTH
What acid-base disturbance can thiazide diuretics cause?
metabolic alkalosis
What effect do thiazides have on calcium?
increased reabsorption
Why can thiazide diuretics cause gout?
dehydration –> hyperuricemia and crystallization
Because thiazide diuretics cause hypocalciuria, they can be used to prevent ______.
calcium kidney stones
Thiazides can cause what increases in lab values?
- hypercalcemia
- hyperlipidemia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperuricemia
- high lithium levels
How do thiazides work?
increased excretion of NaCl
Thiazide diuretics are potassium ______.
wasting
What is the difference btw HCTZ and chlorthaladone?
chlorthaladone has a longer duration of action (longer half life)
Name a urate lowering drug.
allopurinol
Where in the nephron do thiazide diuretics work?
the distal convoluted tubule
What drug class do thiazides belong to?
sulfa drugs
Calcium is actively reabsorbed in the _____.
distal convoluted tubule
What kind of diabetes insipidus can be treated with thiazide diuretics?
nephrogenic DI
Thiazides can cause what decreases in lab values?
- hypokalemia
- hyponatremia
- dehydration
