Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Test 3 > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Rx

A

Acetazolamide

PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Osmotic Diuretics

A

Mannitol

*glycerin, isosorbide, urea
PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Na/K/2Cl Blockers

Rx

A
  • Furosemide
  • Ethacrynic acid

*bumetanide

TALH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Na/Cl Blockers
“thiazide-like diuretics”

Rx

A

HTCZ

*chlorthalidone, indapamide

DCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ENaC Inhibitors

Rx

A

Amiloride

triamterene

DCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aldosterone blockers

Rx

A
  • Spironolactone
  • Eplerenone

CD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Vasopressin (ADH) Blockers

Rx

A

*Tolvaptan

Conlvaptan

CD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

K wasting

Rx

A
  • Furosemide
  • ethacryinic acid
  • HCTZ
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

K Sparring

Rx

A
  • Amiloride
  • Spironolactone
  • Eplerenone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Best 1st choice HTN/?

A

HCTZ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Best 1st choice Edema?

A

Loop Diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How to decrease extra-cellular fluid?

A

Increase sodium excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CAI urine pH?

A

Alkaline (UP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CAI effect on glomerular filtration

A
  • constrict afferent

* lessen constriction of efferent (lower renin/ang 2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CAI

Steady state

A

Lowered,, “diuretic braking”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CAI

Effect on Cl

A

Serum Hyperchloremia (no bicarb for bicarb/Cl transporter in CD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Acetazolamide

  • Site of action
  • Mech
  • Urine
  • Plasma electrolytes
  • Interactions
A
  • renal PT, eye (aqueous h.)
  • Blocks Carb. Anhydrase (UP tubular Na, Activates TGF)
  • Alkaline Urine (pH 8) =>Renal Stones
  • DOWN Bicarb, UP Cl-
  • Cross-rxn w/ Sulfonamides
18
Q

CAI
Acetazolamide

Uses

A
  • Metabolic Acidosis
  • LOWER intraocular pressure
  • Acute Mountain Sickness
19
Q

Which are best at lowering Blood volume?

A

Loop

NaK2Cl

20
Q

Loop Diuretics

Which channel?

A

TALH. NaK2Cl

21
Q

Loop diuretic braking (neg feedback)

A

macula not sensing Na cuz turned off, releasing renin

22
Q

Loop

Furosemide, Ethacrynic Acid

  • Where
  • Mech
  • Urine
  • Plasma
  • S.E.
A
  • TALH
  • NaK2Cl block, abolish osmotic gradient, UP Renal BF, UP Renin = diuretic braking
  • Excrete all ions
  • hypoK
  • HypoK = arrythmia, hypoTN, Ototoxicy, Hyperuricemea (gout)
23
Q

Loop

Furosemide, Ethacryinic acid

Uses

A
  • Edema = peripheral, pulm

* HTN W/ CHF = 1st line

24
Q

Loops LOWER mortality/morbidity in

A

HF

25
Q

How do diuretics enter glomerulus ?

A

Secreted into PCT by anion transporters

26
Q

HCTZ

  • Where
  • Mech
  • Urine
  • Plasma
  • S.E.
A
  • DCT
  • STOP Na/Cl co-transporter
  • DOWN Ca excretino
  • HypoK , Combine w/ ACEI! (Combat diuretic break)
  • HypoK, HyperCa, HyperUricemia, HypoTN, Hyperglycemia (DM!!), Hyperlipid
27
Q

HCTZ

Uses

A
  • HTN (simple essential)
  • Congestive HF
  • HyperCalciuria
  • Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (ADH insensitivity)
28
Q

Thiazides LOWER mortality/morbidity in

A

HF

HTN

29
Q

Loops + thiazides both lead to loss of

A
  • K+ (principle cell-CD)
  • H+ (a-intercalated cell-CD)

HYPOK ALKALOSIS

30
Q

What is true for loops but not for thiazides

A

Loops can abolish corticomedullary osmotic gradient

31
Q

K sparing ENaC

Amiloride , triamterene

  • Where
  • Mech
  • Urine
  • Plasma
A
  • Late DCT + CD
  • ENaC
  • DOWN K/H excretion
  • HyperK
32
Q

K Sparring ENaC Amiloride + HCTZ LOWERS morbidity in

A

(Stroke) Elderly w/ HTN

33
Q

K sparring ENaC

Amiloride, triamterene

Uses

A

*ADJUNCT w/ Thiazide/Loop to prevent K LOSS

34
Q

K Sparring

Spironolactone, Eplerenone

  • Where
  • Mech
  • Urine
  • Plasma
  • S.E.
A
  • Late DCT + CD
  • Na/K aldosterone receptor, need adequate natural aldosterone level
  • DOWN K excretion
  • HyperK (Monitor!)
  • HyperK, Gynecomastia
35
Q

Spironolactone + loop/thiazide LOWERS mortality/morbidity in

A

HF

36
Q

K Sparing

Spironolactone, Eplerenone

Uses

A

ADJUNCT w/ thiazide/loop to prevent K LOSS

37
Q

Osmotic

Mannitol, isosorbide

  • PK
  • Where
  • Mech
  • Urine
  • Plasma
  • S.E.
A
  • NOT gi, IV ONLY, short t1/2
  • Water permeable nephron sites (PCT, tDLH, CD)
  • UP plasma osmolality, UP ECFV (intravascular volume) , UP renal BF
  • UP Mg+ loss
  • HyperK
38
Q

Osmotic

Mannitol, isosorbide

Uses

A

Reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure b/f + after surgery

39
Q

Vasopressin ADH Blocker

Tolvaptan, conivaptan

  • Where
  • Mech
A
  • CD

* ADH antag at V2 ADH receptor

40
Q

Vasopressin Blocker

tolvaptan conivaptan

A

*SIADH

41
Q

Combo therapy

A
  • STRONG = Loop + thiazide

* NORMAL = K wasting (thiazide/loop) + K sparring (spironolactone)

Pharm Test 3 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions