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Pharm test 4 > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

CA inhibitors

A

Acetazolamide (typical)
Dichlorophenamide (more potent)
Methazolamide (more potet)
Dorzolamide (topical for ocular use)

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2
Q

CA inhibitor AE and contra

A

metabolic acidosis
hypokalemia
calcium phosphate stones (increased urine pH)
drowsiness, paresthesis and hypersensitivity rxns (sulfa drug

contra= Cirrhosis

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3
Q

CA indications

A

weak diuretic: used in glaucoma, urinary alkalinization, and prophlaxis of mountain sickness

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4
Q

Mannitol MOA

A

osmotic diuretics

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5
Q

Mannitol AE

A

increased plasma osmolarity: causin edema, CHF, ect

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6
Q

Mannitol indications

A

to increaseurine volume, glaucoma, reduce intracranial pressure

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7
Q

Loop Diuretics

A

Furosamide (typical)
Bumetanide
Torsemide
Ethacrynic acid: last resort… worse nephron and ototoxicity

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8
Q

Loop diuretics MOA

A

block NA/ K/2Cl cotransporter in thick ascending loop

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9
Q

Loop diuretics AE

A 
hyponatremia/kalemia/ magneseemia
metabolic alkalosis
hyperglycemia
OTOTOXICITY
hypersensitivity
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10
Q

Loop diuretics indications

A

hypertension, CHF, pulmonary edema

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11
Q

Thiazide diuretics

A 
hydrochlorothiazide- typical
chlorothiazide
metolazone
indapamide
chlorothalidone
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12
Q

Thiazide MOA

A

block Na/Cl transporter in distal convoluted tubule

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13
Q

Thiazide AE

A

hyponatremia and hypokalemia
hyperuricemia/ glycemia/ lipidemia
weakness, fat, hypersensitivity

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14
Q

Spironolactone MOA

A

POTASSIUM SPARING

inhibitor of aldosterone receptor

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15
Q

Spironolactone AE

A

Hyperkalemia
metabolic acidosis
gynecomastia, amenorrhea, impotensce, decreased libido (decrecreased T)
also some CNS and GI effects

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16
Q

Interactions of potassium sparing diuretics

A

don’t use in cases of hyperkalemia or situations where patient at risk for hyperkalemia: DIABETICS, RENAL disease, ACE INHIBITORS

17
Q

Eplerenone

A

aldosterone binding drug like spironolactone…but no sexual SE

18
Q

Amiloride Moa

A

POTASIUM SPARING

blocks NA channel in principle cells

19
Q

Amiloride AE

A

hyperkalemia!

GI, muscle, and CNS effects

20
Q

Triamterene

A

same as amiloride..just more potent (potassium sparing, blocking NA channel in principle cells

21
Q

ADH antagonists

A

Tolvaptan (actually used)
Demeclocycline
Lithium
note: don’t really affect electrolyte balance

Pharm test 4 (11 decks)

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