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pharmacology > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

loop diuretics MOA

A

act on loop of henle

block reabsorption of NA & Cl –> prevents reabsorption of water –> excretes both

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2
Q

loop diuretics uses

A

HTN
edema

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3
Q

loop diuretics adverse effects

A

ototoxicity
GI upset
hypokalemia
hyponatremia
hypochloremia
dehydration
gout
hyperglycemia
hypotension
blood dyscrasias
dizziness and HA
rash

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4
Q

loop diuretics interactions

A

digoxin
lithium
ototoxic drugs
anti-HTN
licorice
corticosteroids
NSAIDs

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5
Q

osmotic diuretics MOA

A

produce osmotic pressure that inhibits passive reabsorption of water = inc. urine flow

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6
Q

Mannitol (osmotic diuretic) adverse effects

A

heart failure
edema/pulmonary edema
F&E imbalance

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7
Q

Mannitol (osmotic diuretic) uses

A

prophylaxis of renal failure
reduces IOP and ICP

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8
Q

Mannitol (osmotic diuretic) special considerations

A

can inc. risk of lithium toxicity

IV:
filtered needle and tubing
observe for crystals
want 30-50 mL/hr urine output

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9
Q

potassium-sparing diuretics MOA

A

modest inc. in urine production and dec. in potassium excretion

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10
Q

Spironolactone (potassium-sparing diuretic) MOA

A

blocks the action of aldosterone in the distal nephron

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11
Q

Spironolactone (potassium-sparing diuretic) uses

A

HTN, edema
heart failure
PMS/PCOS
acne
primary hyperaldosteronism

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12
Q

Spironolactone (potassium-sparing diuretic) adverse effects

A

hyperkalemia
endocrine effects (male breasts, menstrual irregularities)
black box: tumors

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13
Q

Triamterene (potassium-sparing diuretic) MOA

A

directly inhibits exchange process of NA, K in distal tubule

acts quicker

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14
Q

Triamterene (potassium-sparing diuretic) adverse effects

A

hyperkalemia
leg cramps
dizziness
N/V

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15
Q

Triamterene (potassium-sparing diuretic) uses

A

HTN
edema

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16
Q

thiazide and thiazide like diuretics MOA

A

inc. renal excretion of water, NA, K, Cl

17
Q

thiazide and thiazide like diuretics uses

A

HTN
edema
diabetes indipidus

18
Q

thiazide and thiazide like diuretics adverse effects

A

hypokalemia
hyponatremia
hypochloremia
dehydration
gout
hyperglycemia

19
Q

thiazide and thiazide like diuretics interactions

A

lithium
digoxin
anti-HTN
NSAIDs

20
Q

thiazide and thiazide like diuretics special considerations

A

less affection with poor renal function

pharmacology (5 decks)

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