Diuretics

Question 1

Purpose

Answer 1

reduce hypertension and decrease edema

Question 2

Types

Answer 2

thiazide (thiazide-like), loop, osmotic, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, potassium-sparing

Question 3

Kidney function

Answer 3

excrete water then take more in

Question 4

thiazide+-like

Answer 4

acts on distal convoluted renal tubules
promotes sodium, chloride, and water excretion

Question 5

thiazide+-like use

Answer 5

hypertension
peripheral edema (output>input)

Question 6

thiazide+-like side effects

Answer 6

dizziness, headaches, hypotension, urticaria, GI distress, constipation, electrolytes impalance

Question 7

thiazide+-like contraindications

Answer 7

renal failure

Question 8

thiazide+-like drug interactions

Answer 8

digoxin, lithium, antihypertensives
decrease BP because peeing more
30-35 ml of urine/hr

Question 9

thiazide+-like diabetes concern

Answer 9

increase glucose

Question 10

thiazide+-like recognize cues

Answer 10

asses vital signs, weight, urine output

Question 11

Loop diuretics

Answer 11

acts on ascending loop of Henle
excrete sodium, water, potassium, calcium, magnesium

Question 12

Loop diuretics side effects

Answer 12

muscle cramps, hyperuricemia, hearing loss, metabolic alkalosis

Question 13

Loop diuretics analyze cues

Answer 13

fluid overload, hypertension-edema + hypertension decrease

Question 14

Loop diuretics take action

Answer 14

administer IV furosemide slowly
fast = hearing loss

Question 15

Osmotic diuretics

Answer 15

increase sodium reabsorption
excrete sodium (norm 7-15), chloride, potassium, water

Question 16

Osmotic diuretics use

Answer 16

decrease ICP + IOP
promote the excretion of toxic substances

Question 17

Osmotic diuretics side effects

Answer 17

blurred vision, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, pulmonary edema, tachycardia!

Question 18

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Answer 18

block action of aldosterone
promote sodium/water excretion + potassium retention

Question 19

Potassium-sparing diuretics use

Answer 19

edema due to heart failure + cirrhosis of the liver (tissue)

Question 20

Potassium-sparing diuretics side effects

Answer 20

hyperkalemia, muscle cramp, paresthesia

Question 21

Potassium-sparing diuretics analyze clues

Answer 21

fluid overload
hyperkalemia

Question 22

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Answer 22

block action of enzyme carbonic anhydrase
excrete sodium, potassium, bicarb

Question 23

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors use

Answer 23

decrease IOP in patients with open-angle (chronic) glaucoma

Question 24

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors side effects

Answer 24

confusion, hypotension, metabolic acidosis, crystalluria