Distrubution Of Cold Environements Flashcards

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1
Q

Last glacial periods: Pleistocene era

A

-Started 115,000 years ago and ended 11,700 years ago
-Large ice sheet over North America, Asia and Europe
-Glaciers formed in Rockies, Greenland and Canada

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2
Q

Present day: Interglacial period

A

-10% of land covered by ice
-Antarctica has 85% of earth’s ice
-Greenland has 10% of earth’s ice
Canadian and Russian tundra has 5% of earth’s ice

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3
Q

What are polar environments like?

A
  • Below -50 °C
    -large snowy areas
    -Small amounts of precipitation
    -Large expanses of sea ice
    -E.g. Antarctica
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4
Q

What are glacial environments like?

A

-Mountainous regions
-Heavy snow in winter
-Ice is the main transport process
-Warm summers promote meltwater
-e.g. Greenland

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5
Q

What are periglacial environments like?

A

-On the edge of glacial and polar regions
-Presence of permafrost
-Located in Russia, Canada and Greenland
-Short summers allow small amounts of surface thaw
-e.g. Spitsbergen

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6
Q

What are alpine environments like?

A

-Temperatures below 10 °C
-Heavy snow in winter
-High altitudes
-Summer temperatures above 15 °C
-E.g. Alps

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7
Q

Antartica’s climate

A

-Sunlight hits the surface at a low angle
-Dark winters and light summers
-Has lower temperatures due to being surrounded by sea
-Regular storms

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8
Q

Artic’s climate

A

-sunlight hits surface at a low angle
-Dark winters and light summers
-Higher temperatures due to being surrounded by land
-Warm ocean currents bring warm, moist air

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9
Q

Where do cold environments develop?

A

It gets colder as the latitudes and altitudes go up, so they form at the higher latitudes and altitudes

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10
Q

What happens if we enter a glacial period?

A

Cold environments will found lower down

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