Dissection 9 Flashcards
Borders of the femoral triangle
The femoral triangle is bordered by the inguinal ligament superiorly, sartorius laterally and adductor longus medially.
Floor of the femoral triangle
The floor of the triangle is formed by iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially.
The inguinal ligament is the inferior border of which tendon?
External oblique aponeurosis
What passes through the retroinguinal space?
The femoral vessels, nerve and iliopsoas muscle/combined tendon
Nerve supply to iliopsoas?
Anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves
Nerve supply to sartorius?
Femoral nerve
Nerve supply to quadriceps femoris?
Femoral nerve
Iliopsoas attachment (proximal and distal)?
Proximal attachement = iliac foss and lumbar transverse processes
Distal attachment = lesser trochanter of femur
Action of iliopsoas?
Flexion at the hip
Rectus femoris attachments?
Proximal - ASIS
Distal - Patella (via quadriceps tendon)
then tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)
Vastus (L/I/M) attachments?
Proximal - shaft of femur
Distal - Patella (via quadriceps tendon)
then tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)
Which ligament do you hit when eliciting the knee jerk reflex?
The patellar tendon
A positive knee jerk reflex confirms which nerve is working correctly?
Femoral nerve L2-L4
Function of sartorius?
Flexion at the hip and knee
Action of quadriceps femoris?
Extension of the knee
The only hamstring to cross the knee joint?
Gracilis
Attachments of adductor brevis and longus
- Proximal attachments: Pubis, ischiopubic ramus or the ischial tuberosity (“hamstring” part of adductor magnus)
- Distal attachments: Posterior surface of the shaft of the femur along the linea aspera, or the adductor tubercle of the tibia (“adductor” part of adductor magnus)
Nerve supply to the medial compartment of the thigh? (gracilis, adducter brevis etc)
Obturator nerve (L2-L4) (except for the "hamstring part" of adductir magnus, which is supplied by the tibial nerve)
When does the obturator nerve divide?
The nerve then divides into anterior and posterior branches at the upper border of adductor brevis. The anterior branch can be located between adductors longus (anteriorly) and brevis (posteriorly) in the superior part of the medial compartment.
Lymph following the great saphenous vein drains into where?
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes (located in the superficial fascia around the vein)
Lymph following the small saphenous vein drains into
popliteal lymph nodes, located in the popliteal fossa.
Lymph from the superficial inguinal nodes then drains mostly into the
external iliac nodes and some to the deep inguinal nodes.
Lymph from the popliteal nodes then drains into the
deep inguinal nodes.
Where does lymph from the deep inguinal nodes drain into?
The external iliac nodes
You can use the femoral artery to locate what..?
The femoral vein and the femoral nerve
-these can be used for cannulation and nerve block
What might you use the femoral artery for?
Used for access route in angiograms, coronary artery stenting, aortic and mitral valve replacements, aortic aneurysm repair, contralateral femoral artery stenting, contralateral uterine artery embolisation etc
Sensory innervation of the thigh?
- Anterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
- Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
- Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve
The anterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh is a branch of what?
Branch
of the femoral nerve
(L2-L4)
The lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh is a branch from which plexus?
The lumbosacral plexus (L2-L3)
L what for obturator nerve?
L2-L4
In which canal is the femoral neurovascular bundle?
It is in the adductor canal
Saphenous nerve, sensory or motor?
Sensory
The saphenous nerve is a branch of which nerve?
Femoral
Which muscles does the saphenous nerve pass through?
Sartorius and gracilis
Where does the saphenous nerve supple?
Supplies the fascia and skin of the anteriomedial aspects of the knee and leg and the medial aspect of the foot where it accompanies the great saphenous vein
When do the femoral vessels become renamed the popliteal artery and vein?
When they pass through the adductor hiatus to enter the popliteal fossa
Where does lymph from the great saphenous vein drain into?
Into superficial inguinal nodes and then external iliac nodes (around external iliac vein)
Where would you find the external iliac node?
Around the external iliac vein
Where does lymph following the small saphenous vein drain into?
The popliteal nodes
Where does lymph draining from the lower limb drain into?
Drains into the popliteal nodes then the deep inguinal nodes
Fracture of the mid-shaft of the femur could damage which artery?
Profunda femoris
Sartorius attachment
Proximal: ASIS
Distal: medial surface of proximal tibia
