Dissection 9

Question 1

Borders of the femoral triangle

Answer 1

The femoral triangle is bordered by the inguinal ligament superiorly, sartorius laterally and adductor longus medially.

Question 2

Floor of the femoral triangle

Answer 2

The floor of the triangle is formed by iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially.

Question 3

The inguinal ligament is the inferior border of which tendon?

Answer 3

External oblique aponeurosis

Question 4

What passes through the retroinguinal space?

Answer 4

The femoral vessels, nerve and iliopsoas muscle/combined tendon

Question 5

Nerve supply to iliopsoas?

Answer 5

Anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves

Question 6

Nerve supply to sartorius?

Answer 6

Femoral nerve

Question 7

Nerve supply to quadriceps femoris?

Answer 7

Femoral nerve

Question 8

Iliopsoas attachment (proximal and distal)?

Answer 8

Proximal attachement = iliac foss and lumbar transverse processes

Distal attachment = lesser trochanter of femur

Question 9

Action of iliopsoas?

Answer 9

Flexion at the hip

Question 10

Rectus femoris attachments?

Answer 10

Proximal - ASIS
Distal - Patella (via quadriceps tendon)
then tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)

Question 11

Vastus (L/I/M) attachments?

Answer 11

Proximal - shaft of femur
Distal - Patella (via quadriceps tendon)
then tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)

Question 12

Which ligament do you hit when eliciting the knee jerk reflex?

Answer 12

The patellar tendon

Question 13

A positive knee jerk reflex confirms which nerve is working correctly?

Answer 13

Femoral nerve L2-L4

Question 14

Function of sartorius?

Answer 14

Flexion at the hip and knee

Question 15

Action of quadriceps femoris?

Answer 15

Extension of the knee

Question 16

The only hamstring to cross the knee joint?

Answer 16

Gracilis

Question 17

Attachments of adductor brevis and longus

Answer 17

• Proximal attachments: Pubis, ischiopubic ramus or the ischial tuberosity (“hamstring” part of adductor magnus)
• Distal attachments: Posterior surface of the shaft of the femur along the linea aspera, or the adductor tubercle of the tibia (“adductor” part of adductor magnus)

Question 18

Nerve supply to the medial compartment of the thigh? (gracilis, adducter brevis etc)

Answer 18

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
(except for the "hamstring part" of adductir magnus, which is supplied by the tibial nerve)

Question 19

When does the obturator nerve divide?

Answer 19

The nerve then divides into anterior and posterior branches at the upper border of adductor brevis. The anterior branch can be located between adductors longus (anteriorly) and brevis (posteriorly) in the superior part of the medial compartment.

Question 20

Lymph following the great saphenous vein drains into where?

Answer 20

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes (located in the superficial fascia around the vein)

Question 21

Lymph following the small saphenous vein drains into

Answer 21

popliteal lymph nodes, located in the popliteal fossa.

Question 22

Lymph from the superficial inguinal nodes then drains mostly into the

Answer 22

external iliac nodes and some to the deep inguinal nodes.

Question 23

Lymph from the popliteal nodes then drains into the

Answer 23

deep inguinal nodes.

Question 24

Where does lymph from the deep inguinal nodes drain into?

Answer 24

The external iliac nodes

Question 25

You can use the femoral artery to locate what..?

Answer 25

The femoral vein and the femoral nerve

-these can be used for cannulation and nerve block

Question 26

What might you use the femoral artery for?

Answer 26

Used for access route in angiograms, coronary artery stenting, aortic and mitral valve replacements, aortic aneurysm repair, contralateral femoral artery stenting, contralateral uterine artery embolisation etc

Question 27

Sensory innervation of the thigh?

Answer 27

• Anterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
• Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
• Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve

Question 28

The anterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh is a branch of what?

Answer 28

Branch
of the femoral nerve
(L2-L4)

Question 29

The lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh is a branch from which plexus?

Answer 29

The lumbosacral plexus (L2-L3)

Question 30

L what for obturator nerve?

Answer 30

L2-L4

Question 31

In which canal is the femoral neurovascular bundle?

Answer 31

It is in the adductor canal

Question 32

Saphenous nerve, sensory or motor?

Answer 32

Sensory

Question 33

The saphenous nerve is a branch of which nerve?

Answer 33

Femoral

Question 34

Which muscles does the saphenous nerve pass through?

Answer 34

Sartorius and gracilis

Question 35

Where does the saphenous nerve supple?

Answer 35

Supplies the fascia and skin of the anteriomedial aspects of the knee and leg and the medial aspect of the foot where it accompanies the great saphenous vein

Question 36

When do the femoral vessels become renamed the popliteal artery and vein?

Answer 36

When they pass through the adductor hiatus to enter the popliteal fossa

Question 37

Where does lymph from the great saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 37

Into superficial inguinal nodes and then external iliac nodes (around external iliac vein)

Question 38

Where would you find the external iliac node?

Answer 38

Around the external iliac vein

Question 39

Where does lymph following the small saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 39

The popliteal nodes

Question 40

Where does lymph draining from the lower limb drain into?

Answer 40

Drains into the popliteal nodes then the deep inguinal nodes

Question 41

Fracture of the mid-shaft of the femur could damage which artery?

Answer 41

Profunda femoris

Question 42

Sartorius attachment

Answer 42

Proximal: ASIS
Distal: medial surface of proximal tibia