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Anatomy > Dissection 10 > Flashcards

Dissection 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the scalp?

A 
Skin
Dense CT
Galea Aponeurotica
Loose CT
Pericranium
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2
Q

The mobility of the scalp is caused by?

A

The first 3 layers moving over the loose CT

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3
Q

Where are the blood vessels of the scalp found?

A

The dense subcutaneous layer

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4
Q

What are somites?

A

masses of preaxial mesoderm that form skeletal muscle

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5
Q

Where did the thyroid gland originate from?

A

From the floor of the developing tongue and descends inferiorly

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6
Q

What does the pharyngeal cleft become?

A

The external auditory meatus

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7
Q

What structure forms from the 1st pharyngeal pouch?

A

The Tympanic or middle ear and the auditory tube

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8
Q

What structure/s are formed from the 2nd pharyngeal pouch?

A

The fossa for the palatine tonsil

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9
Q

What structure/s are formed from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch?

A

Inferior parathyroid gland and the thymus

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10
Q

What structure/s are formed from the 4th pharyngeal pouch?

A

Superior parathyroid gland

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11
Q

What structure/s are formed from the 5th pharyngeal pouch?

A

The ultimobranchial body (calcitonin cells of the thyroid)

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12
Q

Cranial Nerve III is derived from?

A

Preotic somites

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13
Q

CN IV is derived from?

A

Preotic somites

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14
Q

CN V is derived from?

A

Branchial Arch 1

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15
Q

CN VI is derived from?

A

Preotic Somites

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16
Q

CN VII is derived from?

A

Branchial Arch 2

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17
Q

CN IX is derived from?

A

Branchial Arch 3

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18
Q

CN X is derived from?

A

Branchial Arch 4 and 6

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19
Q

CN XII is derived from?

A

Postotic somites

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20
Q

Where are the cranial parasympathetics located?

A

The visceromotor column

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21
Q

What presynaptic parasympathetics innervate the head?

A

CN III, VII, and IX

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22
Q

The presynaptic fibers synapse in what ganglia in the head?

A

Otic, Ciliary, Pterygopalatine, and submandibular ganglia

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23
Q

The postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers follow what to reach their targets?

A

CN V

24
Q

sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies for the head and neck are located where?

A

the lateral horn at the spinal cord levels T1-T5

25
Q

What are the two bellies of the epicranius muscle?

A

The frontalis and the occipitallis

26
Q

What muscle raises the eyebrows?

A

The frontalis

27
Q

What is the function of the orbicularis oculi

A

Important for protection and keeps the eyelids against the eyeball to facilitate the spread of tears; wink

28
Q

What are the functions of the orbicularis oris?

A

Eating, emotion, and phonation; purses lips

29
Q

What is the function of the buccinator?

A

compresses the checks during whistling, sucking, and chewing

30
Q

The branchiomotor branch of CN VII exits via what?

A

The stylomastoid foramen

31
Q

What are the branches of the branchiomotor portion CN VII?

A

Temporalis, Zygomatic, Buccal, Marginal Mandibular, and Cervical

32
Q

What does the Temporalis nerve innervate?

A

The frontalis

33
Q

What does the zygomatic nerve innervate?

A

The orbicularis occuli

34
Q

What does the buccal nerve innervate?

A

The buccinators and the orbicular oris

35
Q

What does the Marginal Mandibular nerve innervate?

A

The orbicularis oris

36
Q

What does the Cervical nerve innervate?

A

The platysma

37
Q

What does the stapedius nerve innervate?

A

middle ear

38
Q

What does the Posterior auricular nerve innervate?

A

The muscles behind the ear

39
Q

The parotid duct opens where?

A

in the mouth near the second upper molar

40
Q

What innervates the parotid gland?

A

The parasympathetic fibers of CN IX, sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion, and sensory fibers from CN V

41
Q

What does the deep cervical fascia contain?

A

The sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

42
Q

What does the prevertebral fascia contain?

A

The prevertebral muscles

43
Q

What does the pretracheal fascia contain?

A

Thyroid gland, trachea, and esophagus

44
Q

What does the Carotid Sheath contain?

A

the common carotid artery, the internal jugular vein, and the vagus nerve

45
Q

What makes up the borders of the retropharyngeal space?

A

The prevertebral, pretracheal, and carotid sheath

46
Q

What makes up the anterior cervical triangle?

A

The mandible, midline of the neck, and the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

47
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid and geniohyoid

48
Q

What passes through the anterior and middle scalene muscles?

A

The brachial plexus and the subclavian artery

49
Q

What crosses over the anterior scalene?

A

The phrenic nerve

50
Q

The superior limb of the ansa cervicalis travels with what?

A

The hypoglossal nerve

51
Q

What do the Jugulodigastric lymph nodes drain?

A

The tongue and palatine tonsil

52
Q

What vessels lie in the anterior cervical triangle?

A

The internal carotid and the jugular vein

53
Q

What vessels lie in the posterior cervical triangle?

A

Spinal accessory

54
Q

The ansa cervicalus has what kind of nerve fibers?

A

somatomotor

55
Q

What do the 4 parasympathetic ganglia in the head derive from?

A

Neural crest cells

56
Q

which branchial arch lacks endoderm?

A

1

57
Q

How do sympathetic postganglionic axons reach their targets in the head?

A

by following the external and internal carotid arteries

Anatomy (11 decks)

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