Disposition of the Peritoneum Lab Flashcards
Mesentery
2 layers of peritoneum that suspend an organ
3 specializations of the peritoneum
Omentum, mesentery, ligament
Omentum
Greater and lesser- Folds of peritoneum connecting the stomach to another organ
Greater omentum
4 layers of mesentery
Lesser omentum
Dervied from the ventral mesentery- hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments.
Peritoneal ligaments
Made up of 2 layers of mesentery- suspend a less mobile organ from the abdominal wall or attaches it to another organ
Dorsal mesentery
extends from the upper end of the esophagus to the presumptive rectum
What supplies blood to all 3 parts of the primitive gut?
One unpaired artery from the aorta supplies each of the three parts of the primitive gut: foregut: celiac trunk; midgut: superior mesenteric artery; and hindgut: inferior mesenteric artery. The vessels are enclosed within the dorsal mesentery.
Mesentery of the small intestine
Posterior wall; contains arteries, veins and lymphatics traveling to and from the small intestine.
Stomach parts/areas
- Cardia2. Fundus3. Body
Pyloric sphincter
1 - Antrum 2 - Canal (narrowest)3 - Sphincter
Small intestine areas
The duodenum is partly retroperitoneal. The jejunum and ileum are suspended by the Mesentery
Sigmoid colon
ascending and descending colon are forced against the posterior abdominal wall. Their mesentery disappears, rendering them secondarily retroperitoneal. Sigmoid mesocolon suspends them from the posterior wall
Paracolic gutters
Paracolic gutters direct the flow of fluids (ascites, blood, pus, errant cancer cells, infection) toward the pelvis when the individual is standing
Splenic attachments (2)
The gastrosplenic & splenorenal ligaments are part of the greater omentum
Ligamentum teres
Ligamentum teres is the remnant of the fetal left umbilical vein.
Falciform ligament
From the umbilical vein- separates the two liver lobes; attaches liver to anterior/ventral wall
Liver lobe names (2)
Quadrate (inferior) & caudate (superior)
Bare area of the liver
in contact with the diaphragm with no peritoneum intervening
Where does the liver develop from?
Septum transversum. The diaphragm also derives in part from the septum, as does a part of the ventral mesentery.
Subphrenic recesses
Spaces inferior to the diaphragm, anterior to the liver and on either side of the ligamentum teres. Particulates deposited in the lower abdomen collect in these recesses, probably allowing for increased reabsorption of molecules into the blood and lymphatics.
Portal triad
Contained by the hepatoduodenal ligament in the lesser omentum-
Common bile ductHepatic artery properPortal vein
What organs define the boundaries of the lesser sac?
It is demarcated anteriorly by the quadrate lobe of the liver, the stomach, lesser omentum and gastrocolic ligament. Posteriorly- pancreas. Its left lateral margin is made by the left kidney and adrenal gland. Its boundary on the right is made by the omental foramen and lesser omentum. If these structures rupture they may leak into the lesser sac. For the stomach, which lies anterior to the lesser sac, the rupture must be on the posterior side; if it were anteriorly located, the leak would collect in the greater sac
IVC forms the floor of what?
Omental foramen
