Disposition of the Peritoneum Lab

Question 1

Mesentery

Answer 1

2 layers of peritoneum that suspend an organ

Question 2

3 specializations of the peritoneum

Answer 2

Omentum, mesentery, ligament

Question 3

Omentum

Answer 3

Greater and lesser- Folds of peritoneum connecting the stomach to another organ

Question 4

Greater omentum

Answer 4

4 layers of mesentery

Question 5

Lesser omentum

Answer 5

Dervied from the ventral mesentery- hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments.

Question 6

Peritoneal ligaments

Answer 6

Made up of 2 layers of mesentery- suspend a less mobile organ from the abdominal wall or attaches it to another organ

Question 7

Dorsal mesentery

Answer 7

extends from the upper end of the esophagus to the presumptive rectum

Question 8

What supplies blood to all 3 parts of the primitive gut?

Answer 8

One unpaired artery from the aorta supplies each of the three parts of the primitive gut: foregut: celiac trunk; midgut: superior mesenteric artery; and hindgut: inferior mesenteric artery. The vessels are enclosed within the dorsal mesentery.

Question 9

Mesentery of the small intestine

Answer 9

Posterior wall; contains arteries, veins and lymphatics traveling to and from the small intestine.

Question 10

Stomach parts/areas

Answer 10

1. Cardia2. Fundus3. Body

Question 11

Pyloric sphincter

Answer 11

1 - Antrum 2 - Canal (narrowest)3 - Sphincter

Question 12

Small intestine areas

Answer 12

The duodenum is partly retroperitoneal. The jejunum and ileum are suspended by the Mesentery

Question 13

Sigmoid colon

Answer 13

ascending and descending colon are forced against the posterior abdominal wall. Their mesentery disappears, rendering them secondarily retroperitoneal. Sigmoid mesocolon suspends them from the posterior wall

Question 14

Paracolic gutters

Answer 14

Paracolic gutters direct the flow of fluids (ascites, blood, pus, errant cancer cells, infection) toward the pelvis when the individual is standing

Question 15

Splenic attachments (2)

Answer 15

The gastrosplenic & splenorenal ligaments are part of the greater omentum

Question 16

Ligamentum teres

Answer 16

Ligamentum teres is the remnant of the fetal left umbilical vein.

Question 17

Falciform ligament

Answer 17

From the umbilical vein- separates the two liver lobes; attaches liver to anterior/ventral wall

Question 18

Liver lobe names (2)

Answer 18

Quadrate (inferior) & caudate (superior)

Question 19

Bare area of the liver

Answer 19

in contact with the diaphragm with no peritoneum intervening

Question 20

Where does the liver develop from?

Answer 20

Septum transversum. The diaphragm also derives in part from the septum, as does a part of the ventral mesentery.

Question 21

Subphrenic recesses

Answer 21

Spaces inferior to the diaphragm, anterior to the liver and on either side of the ligamentum teres. Particulates deposited in the lower abdomen collect in these recesses, probably allowing for increased reabsorption of molecules into the blood and lymphatics.

Question 22

Portal triad

Answer 22

Contained by the hepatoduodenal ligament in the lesser omentum-
Common bile ductHepatic artery properPortal vein

Question 23

What organs define the boundaries of the lesser sac?

Answer 23

It is demarcated anteriorly by the quadrate lobe of the liver, the stomach, lesser omentum and gastrocolic ligament. Posteriorly- pancreas. Its left lateral margin is made by the left kidney and adrenal gland. Its boundary on the right is made by the omental foramen and lesser omentum. If these structures rupture they may leak into the lesser sac. For the stomach, which lies anterior to the lesser sac, the rupture must be on the posterior side; if it were anteriorly located, the leak would collect in the greater sac

Question 24

IVC forms the floor of what?

Answer 24

Omental foramen

Question 25

What structure forms a boundary of the bare area of the liver ?

Answer 25

Coronary ligament

Question 26

The artery of the midgut is the?

Answer 26

Superior mesenteric artery off the celiac trunk

Question 27

What anatomical feature would you use to identify the colon?

Answer 27

Epiploic appendages- They are chiefly appended to the transverse and sigmoid parts of the colon, however, their function is unknown; mimic acute appendicitis