Disorders of Speech and Language

Question 1

A speech disorder implies a dysfunction of what?

Answer 1

Motor control; production of verbal output; control of the structures of speech delivery

Question 2

Dysarthria: What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 2

(‘arthria’ = ‘articulation’)

Speech disorder; speech is ‘slurred’ because articulation is not precise.

Question 3

What is the most common speech problem?

Answer 3

Dysarthria

Question 4

Spastic dysarthria: What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 4

Motor control issue; is the result of spasticity

Question 5

Rigid dysarthria: What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 5

Motor control issue; is the result of rigidity (BG dsfxn)

Question 6

Ataxic dysarthria: What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 6

Motor control issue; is caused by damage to the cerebellum (sometimes called senosrimotor dysarthria)

Question 7

Scanning speech: Aka? What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 7

Aka: decomposition of speech; speech disorder; person breaks words/sentences/paragraphs into syllables and delivers them in a slow, deliberate fashion (one thing at a time); verbal output is monotonal and lacks inflection and normal punctuation.

Question 8

Dysphonia: Aka? What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 8

Aka: bullfrog speech, megaphone speech); speech disorder; problems are with vocal quality and volume control; persons verbal output is harsh and usually delivered in a loud, penetrating manner.

Question 9

Language disorder: def

Answer 9

Problems with the content; a cognition problem/converting thoughts/concepts into words (encoding language), with producing enough words/correct words; typically involve writing, signing and mathematical dsfxns as well as verbal ones.

Question 10

Broca’s aphasias: Aka? What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 10

Aka: non-fluent aphasias; language disorder; group of dsfxns related to limited language output; person usually has normal/close to normal cognition but has limited or no capacity to produce language; they may produce sounds but not words or a small number of words.

Question 11

Wernicke’s aphasias: Aka? What type of disorder is it? Define it.

Answer 11

Aka: fluent aphasias; language disorder; group of dyxfxns where verbal output is not limited or constrained but there are major problems with conveying meaning; person usually has cognitive impairment that seriously affects the capacity to create language communication that is understandable to the listener; ‘jibberish’.

ex: Azheimers