Disorders of Metabolism and Homeostasis (week 7) Flashcards

1
Q

What conditions may result in increased acid (H+) production?

A

Ketoacidosis - diabetic or alcoholic
Lactic acidosis
Poisoning
Inherited organic acidoses

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2
Q

What causes metabolic acidosis?

A

Increased [H+] due to acid ingestion, reduced renal excretion (renal failure), loss of bicarbonate in diarrhoea.

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3
Q

What are the consequences of metabolic acidosis?

A

Increased H+, increased PO2, decreased PCO2

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4
Q

What causes metabolic alkalosis?

A

Increased [CO3-] due to generation by gastric mucosa, renal generation in hypokaelaemia, loss of H+ in vomiting

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5
Q

What are the consequences of metabolic alkalosis?

A

K+ enters cells + urine
PO3- enters cells
Respiratory depression
decreased H+, decreased PO2, increased PCO2

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6
Q

What is respiratory acidosis?

A

Increased CO2 retention due to indequate ventilation, lung disease, inadequate perfusion

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7
Q

What are the consequences of respiratory acidosis?

A

increased H+, increased PCO2, decreased PO2

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8
Q

What is respiratory alkalosis?

A

increased CO2 excretion due to excessive ventilation

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9
Q

What are the consequences of respiratory alkalosis?

A

decreased H+, decreased PCO2, increased PO2

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