Disorders of Metabolism and Homeostasis (week 7) Flashcards
What conditions may result in increased acid (H+) production?
Ketoacidosis - diabetic or alcoholic
Lactic acidosis
Poisoning
Inherited organic acidoses
What causes metabolic acidosis?
Increased [H+] due to acid ingestion, reduced renal excretion (renal failure), loss of bicarbonate in diarrhoea.
What are the consequences of metabolic acidosis?
Increased H+, increased PO2, decreased PCO2
What causes metabolic alkalosis?
Increased [CO3-] due to generation by gastric mucosa, renal generation in hypokaelaemia, loss of H+ in vomiting
What are the consequences of metabolic alkalosis?
K+ enters cells + urine
PO3- enters cells
Respiratory depression
decreased H+, decreased PO2, increased PCO2
What is respiratory acidosis?
Increased CO2 retention due to indequate ventilation, lung disease, inadequate perfusion
What are the consequences of respiratory acidosis?
increased H+, increased PCO2, decreased PO2
What is respiratory alkalosis?
increased CO2 excretion due to excessive ventilation
What are the consequences of respiratory alkalosis?
decreased H+, decreased PCO2, increased PO2