Disorder of the kidney Flashcards
1
Q
Analgesic nephropathy- Eti
A
Large ingestion of combinations of analgesics
- 1g/d for 3 years
2
Q
Analgesic nephropathy- Sx
A
- Hematuria, proteinuria, polyuria, anemia and sterile pyuria
- Solughed papillae in urine
3
Q
Analgesic nephropathy- Dx
A
- Small kidney
- decreased urine concentration
- reduced GFR
- hyerchloremic metabolic acidosis
4
Q
Analgesic nephropathy- Tx
A
- Stop analgesics
- volume repletion
5
Q
Interstitial nephritis- Eti
A
- > 70% drugs: penicillin, sulfa, PPI
- Infectious disease (URI)
- Immune disorders
- neuropathy, myeloma, gout
6
Q
Interstitial nephritis- Sx
A
Triad of:
- Fever
- Transient maculopapular rash
- Arthralgia
- Peripheral eosinophilia
7
Q
Interstitial nephritis- Dx
A
- Renal biopsy- diagnostic
- < 2g proteins
- White cells, casts in urine
8
Q
Interstitial nephritis- Tx
A
- Remove inciting agent
- Prednisone
- Dialysis
9
Q
Polycystic kidney disease- Eti
A
- 1 in 800 live births
- Genetic- dominant
- 50% ESRD by age 60
10
Q
Polycystic kidney disease- Sx
A
- Abd/ flank pain
- Large, palpable kidneys
- Hematuria
- Hepatic cysts
- Hx of nephrolithiasis or UTI
- Aortic issues
11
Q
Polycystic kidney disease- Dx
A
- Renal US- diagnostic > 30 3+ cysts
12
Q
Polycystic kidney disease- Tx
A
- Tx symptoms- rupture, pain, infection of kidneys
- Increased hydration
- Tx HTN, low protein diet
13
Q
Acute tubular necrosis- Eti
A
- Due to ischemia & nephrotoxin exposure
- Ischemia: prolonged hypoTN, shock, sepsis
- Nephrotoxin- aminoglycosides, contrast media, hemo/ myogloinuria
14
Q
Acute tubular necrosis- Sx
A
- N/V, HTN, arrhythmia, rales, abd pain, encephalopathy, oliguria, pericardial friction rub
15
Q
Acute tubular necrosis- Dx
A
UA:
- Muddy brown casts, brown sediment urine
- Renal tubular epitheliam
- High Fractional excretion of Na
- Hyperkalemia, phosphatemia
