dislocations

Question 1

what causes ANTERIOR GHJ DISLOCATION

Answer 1

trauma in abduction and lateral rotation

most common dislocation

Question 2

what structures does the “bankart” lesion affect

Answer 2

labrum and capsule of glenoid cavity

Question 3

what is step deformity in shoulder?

Answer 3

a visible bump from an AC joint dislocation that can be palpated easily

Question 4

elbow dislocation is most common in the pediatric population. true or false

Answer 4

true

Question 5

what is valgus force

Answer 5

lateral impact causing medial gapping in the knee or any joint

Question 6

what is Verus force

Answer 6

medial impact causing lateral gapping of knee or any joint

Question 7

what can subluxation and dislocation lead too?

Answer 7

ligament laxity and decreased neuromuscular control

Question 8

what is subluxation

Answer 8

when the joint articular surfaces are apart, usually returns to normal on its own… “partial dislocation”

Question 9

what is dislocation

Answer 9

articular surfaces are out of contact

Question 10

which joint in the body bears the most weight

Answer 10

ankle joint

Question 11

what are the degrees of a ligament sprain

Answer 11

stretched fibers
decreased contact with fibers
no contact with between fibers
avulsion fracture

Question 12

what is skiers thumb

** most likely on test **

Answer 12

damage to UCL of 1st MCP joint, occurs at hyperABduction. flexor pollicis longus would be affected and the ant. interossie nerve

Question 13

the level of function of a PCL injury depends on the ability of what muscles to stabilize it

Answer 13

quadriceps

Question 14

what are the long term outcomes of a PCL injury

Answer 14

degeneration of the patellofemoral joint and medial compartment of tibiofemoral joint

Question 15

what is ligament laxity

Answer 15

loose ligaments

Question 16

a pure inversion sprain would affect which ligament the most

Answer 16

Anterior Taylor FIbular LIgament.

Question 17

which ligaments would an abduction, eversion and dorsiflexion sprain mainly affect

Answer 17

deltoid ligaments

Question 18

treatment of an ankle sprain :

Answer 18

address s&s of inflammatory reaction
improve mobility of ankle/foot
improve strength of ankle/foot
improve balance/ coordination

Question 19

what does congenital mean

Answer 19

a disease/defect from birth

Question 20

what happens in a anterior GHJ dislocation

most common dislocation

Answer 20

the articular surfaces of the glenoid fossa and humerus are no longer in contact, occurs through trauma in abduction and lateral rotation.
arm is then unable to internally rotate, and cant touch opposite side of shoulder

Question 21

what nerve is affected with a posterior GHJ dislocation

Answer 21

axillary, median, musculocutaneous

Question 22

what are some structures that would be affected with a GHJ dislocation

Answer 22

humeral head, axillary nerve, rotator cuff, joint capsule, labrum

Question 23

what is the tx for elbow dislocation

Answer 23

splinted in a stable position of 90 degrees until edema goes away
hinged brace and ROM into extension is progressed within stable range followed by strengthening

Question 24

does patellar dislocation happen almost always laterally?

Answer 24

yes and its more common in women because of greater Q angle ( angle of pull on quads)

Question 25

what are some S&S of dislocations

Answer 25

pain, apprehension, deformity, muscle spasms, loss of ROM, numbness, bruising

Question 26

what is a lesion

Answer 26

an area in tissue or an organ that has suffered damage

Question 27

sciatic nerve affects which joint

Answer 27

hip

Question 28

ulnar nerve affects which joint

Answer 28

elbow

Question 29

true or false: hip is most likely to dislocate in flexion

Answer 29

true

Question 30

management in acute/subacute phase?

Answer 30

protect damaged structures
avoid contra-indicated movements
address pain, swelling, spasms
prevent stiffness

Question 31

management for chronic/ long term

Answer 31

increase strength
neuromuscular control
return to play/ functioning

Question 32

what are some complications of dislocations

Answer 32

muscle tears
fracture
osteoarthritis
vascular lesions