dislocations Flashcards
what causes ANTERIOR GHJ DISLOCATION
trauma in abduction and lateral rotation
most common dislocation
what structures does the “bankart” lesion affect
labrum and capsule of glenoid cavity
what is step deformity in shoulder?
a visible bump from an AC joint dislocation that can be palpated easily
elbow dislocation is most common in the pediatric population. true or false
true
what is valgus force
lateral impact causing medial gapping in the knee or any joint
what is Verus force
medial impact causing lateral gapping of knee or any joint
what can subluxation and dislocation lead too?
ligament laxity and decreased neuromuscular control
what is subluxation
when the joint articular surfaces are apart, usually returns to normal on its own… “partial dislocation”
what is dislocation
articular surfaces are out of contact
which joint in the body bears the most weight
ankle joint
what are the degrees of a ligament sprain
stretched fibers
decreased contact with fibers
no contact with between fibers
avulsion fracture
what is skiers thumb
** most likely on test **
damage to UCL of 1st MCP joint, occurs at hyperABduction. flexor pollicis longus would be affected and the ant. interossie nerve
the level of function of a PCL injury depends on the ability of what muscles to stabilize it
quadriceps
what are the long term outcomes of a PCL injury
degeneration of the patellofemoral joint and medial compartment of tibiofemoral joint
what is ligament laxity
loose ligaments
a pure inversion sprain would affect which ligament the most
Anterior Taylor FIbular LIgament.
which ligaments would an abduction, eversion and dorsiflexion sprain mainly affect
deltoid ligaments
treatment of an ankle sprain :
address s&s of inflammatory reaction
improve mobility of ankle/foot
improve strength of ankle/foot
improve balance/ coordination
what does congenital mean
a disease/defect from birth
what happens in a anterior GHJ dislocation
most common dislocation
the articular surfaces of the glenoid fossa and humerus are no longer in contact, occurs through trauma in abduction and lateral rotation.
arm is then unable to internally rotate, and cant touch opposite side of shoulder
what nerve is affected with a posterior GHJ dislocation
axillary, median, musculocutaneous
what are some structures that would be affected with a GHJ dislocation
humeral head, axillary nerve, rotator cuff, joint capsule, labrum
what is the tx for elbow dislocation
splinted in a stable position of 90 degrees until edema goes away
hinged brace and ROM into extension is progressed within stable range followed by strengthening
does patellar dislocation happen almost always laterally?
yes and its more common in women because of greater Q angle ( angle of pull on quads)
what are some S&S of dislocations
pain, apprehension, deformity, muscle spasms, loss of ROM, numbness, bruising
what is a lesion
an area in tissue or an organ that has suffered damage
sciatic nerve affects which joint
hip
ulnar nerve affects which joint
elbow
true or false: hip is most likely to dislocate in flexion
true
management in acute/subacute phase?
protect damaged structures
avoid contra-indicated movements
address pain, swelling, spasms
prevent stiffness
management for chronic/ long term
increase strength
neuromuscular control
return to play/ functioning
what are some complications of dislocations
muscle tears
fracture
osteoarthritis
vascular lesions
