Diseases of the Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What are clinical signs associated with diseases of the stomach?

A

-VOMITING
-hematemesis (common w/ ulceration)
-melena
-hypersalivation
-Abdominal distention/pain
retching/burping

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2
Q

What is acute gastritis? What is the classic signalement?

A

sudden onset of vomiting
(less than 2 weeks duration) due to a mucosal insult or inflammation
A patient that is usually stable and may still be eating.
+/- hematemesis
+/- dysrexia (poor appetite/no appetite)

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3
Q

Describe the umbrella of acute gastritis

A

primary: insult to/in the gut itself
secondary: outside of the gut

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4
Q

A patient presents with acute vomiting and abdominal pain. What secondary acute gastritis causes should I consider testing for?

A

run a Pancreatic lipase to r/o pancreatitis
Abdominal rads
CBC, biochem, UA

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5
Q

A patient with a history of acute vomiting and a history of corticosteroid containing medication (prednisone) should undergo what additional diagnostic testing?

A

basal cortisol ( will be low)
CBC/UA/biochem

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6
Q

What is a general treatment plan for a patient with acute gastritis?

A
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7
Q

If a cat comes in for acute or chronic vomiting, what should you check for in an oral exam?

A

under the tongue- a string FB could be anchored there, DONT pull it!

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8
Q

A patient presents with Acute or chronic vomiting, what other clinical signs may also be present that would make me consider a foreign body?

A

-hematemesis
-dysrexia
-diarrhea

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9
Q

How do I diagnose a FB?

A

rads, serial studies may be necessary (i.e barium study)
ultrasound (to observe pyloric outflow obstructions)

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10
Q

What are my tx options for a gastric foreign body patient?

A

-induce vomiting - UNLESS it is a caustic or sharp item.
-endoscopic retrieval
-SX

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11
Q

What is the dosage of apomorphine for a dog that I want to induce vomiting in?

A

Apomorphine: 0.05 mg/kg IV

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12
Q

What is the dosage of dexmedetomidine to give cats that I want to induce vomiting in?

A

5-10 ug/kg IM

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13
Q

What clinical signs are associated with gastric ulceration and erosion?

A

vomiting
Dysrexia
hematemesis
melena
pale mucus membranes/ weakness
abdominal pain
sepetic abdomen and fever with perforation

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14
Q

Describe the. bloodwork findings I will see in a patient with chronic gastric ulceration and erosion

A

microcytic hypochromic non regenerative anemia

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15
Q

How do I diagnose gastric ulceration and erosion?

A

history: ask about meds (prednisone/ NSAIDS) + look at supplements
cbc/chem/uA
abdominal imaging
endoscopy

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16
Q

What are my treatment options for gastric ulceration and erosion?

A
17
Q

What is the diagnosis? How do you know?

A

Double bubble of the improper location of the pylorus (up near the spinal column of the patient) is pathognomonic for Gastric Dilation- Volvulus

18
Q

What is the diagnosis? What should you look for? How do you know?

A

the pylorus is in the correct position, Dx: gastric dilation w/o volvulus
look for an outflow obstruction

19
Q

A german shepard presents with salivation, weakness, abdominal distention and non productive retching/ What disease process does this make you concerned of?

A

Gastric dilation volvulus

20
Q

Upon viewing radiographs, I diagnose GVD. What are my treatment options?

A
21
Q

A patient presents with a history of vomiting over 8 hours after a meal. You notice he has some abdominal distention. What group of diseases should you consider?

A

Delayed Gastric emptying!

22
Q

How do I go about diagnosing delayed gastric emptying in a patient?

A
23
Q

A patient presents with a history of projectile vomiting. What is a differential dx?

A

pyloric hypertrophy

24
Q

A english bulldogs presents with vomiting shortly after weaning. What is a ddx?

A

Muscular hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter, generally a congenital disorder. brachycephalics over represented

25
Q

Describe the signalment for mucosal hypertrophy of the pylorus secondary to chronic inflammation and irritation

A

middle to old aged small, purebred dogs (Lhasa Apso, Shih Tzu, mini poodle
-may be mistaken for neoplasia

26
Q

What antihelminthic do i treat Ollulanus tricuspis with?

A

fenbendazole 50 mg/kg po every 24 hours for 5 days

27
Q

How is ollulanius tricuspis transmitted cat to cat?

A

from ingestion of vomitus