Diseases of the Stomach Flashcards
What are clinical signs associated with diseases of the stomach?
-VOMITING
-hematemesis (common w/ ulceration)
-melena
-hypersalivation
-Abdominal distention/pain
retching/burping
What is acute gastritis? What is the classic signalement?
sudden onset of vomiting
(less than 2 weeks duration) due to a mucosal insult or inflammation
A patient that is usually stable and may still be eating.
+/- hematemesis
+/- dysrexia (poor appetite/no appetite)
Describe the umbrella of acute gastritis
primary: insult to/in the gut itself
secondary: outside of the gut
A patient presents with acute vomiting and abdominal pain. What secondary acute gastritis causes should I consider testing for?
run a Pancreatic lipase to r/o pancreatitis
Abdominal rads
CBC, biochem, UA
A patient with a history of acute vomiting and a history of corticosteroid containing medication (prednisone) should undergo what additional diagnostic testing?
basal cortisol ( will be low)
CBC/UA/biochem
What is a general treatment plan for a patient with acute gastritis?
If a cat comes in for acute or chronic vomiting, what should you check for in an oral exam?
under the tongue- a string FB could be anchored there, DONT pull it!
A patient presents with Acute or chronic vomiting, what other clinical signs may also be present that would make me consider a foreign body?
-hematemesis
-dysrexia
-diarrhea
How do I diagnose a FB?
rads, serial studies may be necessary (i.e barium study)
ultrasound (to observe pyloric outflow obstructions)
What are my tx options for a gastric foreign body patient?
-induce vomiting - UNLESS it is a caustic or sharp item.
-endoscopic retrieval
-SX
What is the dosage of apomorphine for a dog that I want to induce vomiting in?
Apomorphine: 0.05 mg/kg IV
What is the dosage of dexmedetomidine to give cats that I want to induce vomiting in?
5-10 ug/kg IM
What clinical signs are associated with gastric ulceration and erosion?
vomiting
Dysrexia
hematemesis
melena
pale mucus membranes/ weakness
abdominal pain
sepetic abdomen and fever with perforation
Describe the. bloodwork findings I will see in a patient with chronic gastric ulceration and erosion
microcytic hypochromic non regenerative anemia
How do I diagnose gastric ulceration and erosion?
history: ask about meds (prednisone/ NSAIDS) + look at supplements
cbc/chem/uA
abdominal imaging
endoscopy
What are my treatment options for gastric ulceration and erosion?
What is the diagnosis? How do you know?
Double bubble of the improper location of the pylorus (up near the spinal column of the patient) is pathognomonic for Gastric Dilation- Volvulus
What is the diagnosis? What should you look for? How do you know?
the pylorus is in the correct position, Dx: gastric dilation w/o volvulus
look for an outflow obstruction
A german shepard presents with salivation, weakness, abdominal distention and non productive retching/ What disease process does this make you concerned of?
Gastric dilation volvulus
Upon viewing radiographs, I diagnose GVD. What are my treatment options?
A patient presents with a history of vomiting over 8 hours after a meal. You notice he has some abdominal distention. What group of diseases should you consider?
Delayed Gastric emptying!
How do I go about diagnosing delayed gastric emptying in a patient?
A patient presents with a history of projectile vomiting. What is a differential dx?
pyloric hypertrophy
A english bulldogs presents with vomiting shortly after weaning. What is a ddx?
Muscular hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter, generally a congenital disorder. brachycephalics over represented
Describe the signalment for mucosal hypertrophy of the pylorus secondary to chronic inflammation and irritation
middle to old aged small, purebred dogs (Lhasa Apso, Shih Tzu, mini poodle
-may be mistaken for neoplasia
What antihelminthic do i treat Ollulanus tricuspis with?
fenbendazole 50 mg/kg po every 24 hours for 5 days
How is ollulanius tricuspis transmitted cat to cat?
from ingestion of vomitus
