Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
What is Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)?
A chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus due to a weak lower esophageal sphincter, causing heartburn and other symptoms.
What is a Hiatal Hernia?
A condition where part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm into the chest, often worsening GERD symptoms.
What causes Peptic Ulcers?
Infection with Helicobacter pylori or long-term use of NSAIDs; results in painful sores in the stomach or small intestine.
What is Gastroenteritis?
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, typically caused by viral or bacterial infections, leading to vomiting and diarrhea.
What is Appendicitis?
Inflammation of the appendix, causing sharp lower right abdominal pain; requires surgical removal to prevent rupture.
What is Diverticulitis?
Inflammation or infection of pouches in the colon wall, often due to a low-fiber diet.
What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
A functional disorder affecting gut motility and sensation, causing abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits.
What is Crohn’s Disease?
A type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation anywhere in the digestive tract, leading to ulcers and tissue damage.
What is Celiac Disease?
An autoimmune reaction to gluten that damages the small intestine lining and affects nutrient absorption.
What is Pancreatitis?
Inflammation of the pancreas, either acute or chronic, often caused by gallstones or alcohol use.
What are Gallstones?
Solid particles in the gallbladder that can block bile ducts, causing pain and digestive issues.
What is Hepatitis?
Inflammation of the liver caused by viruses like Hepatitis A, B, and C, leading to jaundice, fatigue, and liver damage.
