Breast, Prostate, and Lung Cancer Flashcards
Where does breast cancer originate?
Breast cancer originates in the breast lobules (milk glands) or ducts.
What genetic mutations increase the risk of breast cancer?
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase breast cancer risk.
How does obesity affect breast cancer risk?
Obesity increases estrogen levels, which promote tumor growth.
What are common symptoms of breast cancer?
Swelling, lumps, skin irritation, redness, and nipple discharge.
What are treatment options for breast cancer?
Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy.
What is the 5-year survival rate for localized prostate cancer?
100% for localized prostate cancer, 31% if it has spread.
What are common symptoms of prostate cancer?
Weak urine flow, blood in urine, erectile dysfunction, pelvic pain.
What factors increase the risk of prostate cancer?
Age, family history, genetics, race, diet, obesity, smoking.
What are the major types of lung cancer?
Small cell lung cancer (more aggressive) and non-small cell lung cancer (more common).
What are the primary causes of lung cancer?
Smoking, radon exposure, occupational hazards, air pollution.
What is the most common cause of lung cancer?
Smoking is the most common cause of lung cancer.
What are the symptoms of lung cancer?
Coughing, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, chest pain, spitting blood.
How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Biopsy, blood tests, imaging (X-ray, CT scan, MRI).
What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?
Age, family history, race, genetics, diet, obesity, smoking.
What are the risk factors for breast cancer?
Age, genetic mutations, family history, obesity, alcohol consumption.
What are the risk factors for lung cancer?
Smoking, radon exposure, occupational hazards, chronic lung disease.
What are the main treatment options for lung cancer?
Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, targeted drug therapy.
How can lung cancer risk be reduced?
Quit smoking, avoid secondhand smoke, test for radon exposure.
How does physical activity help reduce cancer risk?
Reduces fat cells, controls estrogen, boosts immune function.
What role does diet play in cancer prevention?
Fruits and vegetables contain phytochemicals that protect DNA and regulate hormones.
