Diseases of the endometrium

Question 1

what is dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Answer 1

occurs secondary to hormonal imbalances affecting the menstrual cycle

Question 2

luteal phase insufficiency

Answer 2

• result from inadequate progesterone production by corpus luteum
• endometrium shows inadequate secretory maturation

Question 3

Irregular shedding

Answer 3

result from persistent corpus luteum with continued progesterone production at the same time endometrium is trying to proliferate

Question 4

Latrogenic disorders, latrogenic scenarios

Answer 4

oral contraceptives
hormone replacement therapy
tamoxifen for treatment of breast cancer
intrauterine contraception devices

Question 5

what does the endometrium show when combined estrogen and progesterone is used

Answer 5

small tubular and inactive glands in a poorly developed stroma

Question 6

what does the endometrium show when progesterone only is used

Answer 6

atrophic glands

stroma pseudo decidualisation

Question 7

tamoxifen paradoxical estrogenic effects on endometrium increase risk of what

Answer 7

endometrial polyps
endometrial hyperplasia
endometrial carcinoma

Question 8

what do intrauterine contraceptive devices cause

Answer 8

inflammation 
ulceration 
various metaplasia including papillary metaplasia 
vascular thrombosis 
focal irregular ripening 
pseudodecidual change

Question 9

risk factors for enometroid carcinoma

Answer 9

obesity 
infertility with anovulatory cyles 
ovarian estrogen secreting tumors 
estrogen replacement therapy 
diabetes 
hypertension