Diseases Linda Flashcards
Pulmonary oedema
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular tissue.
Pericardial effusion
accumulation of fluid in the space surrounding the heart.
Aortic rupture:
closed chest trauma with mediastinal widening.
Thrombosis
develop in the veins where blood flow is slow or static
Mitral stenosis:
diffuse thickening of the mitral valve by fibrous tissue or calcified deposits.
Varicose veins:
dilated elongated tortuous vessel.
. Aortic dissection
disruption of the inner layer of the blood vessel allowing blood to enter the wall of the aorta.
. Plaque
fatty material of the inner arterial wall
. Atrial septal defect
: free communication between the atria caused by incomplete closure of the foramen ovale.
.Hypertensive heart disease
generalised tortuosity and elongation of the ascending aorta
Varicose veins
dilated elongated tortuous vessel.
Aortic dissection
disruption of the inner layer of the blood vessel allowing blood to enter the wall of the aorta.
Plaque
fatty material of the inner arterial wall
Atrial septal defect
free communication between the atria caused by incomplete closure of the foramen ovale
Hypertensive heart disease
generalised tortuosity and elongation of the ascending aorta
Congestive heart failure
inability for the heart to supply the body with an adequate blood supply
Hypertension
leading cause of strokes and heart disease
Tetralogy of Fallot
most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease.
Coronary artery disease
narrowing of arteries causing deprivation of oxygen to the myocardium.
Coarctation of the aorta
narrowing or constriction of the aorta
Aortic stenosis
obstruction of the left ventricular outflow increases the workload of the left ventricle
Embolism
part of the clot that becomes detached from the vessel wall.
Aneurysm (definition)
An excessive localized swelling of the wall of an artery.
saccular and fusiform are types
Atherosclerosis
symptom of hardened arteries that have a loss of elasticity.
Definition: a disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of fatty material on their inner walls.
Patent ductus arteriosus
vessel connecting the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta.
Name the four associated radiographic appearances related to left sided heart failure.
- cardiac enlargement
- redistribution of pulmonary venous flow
- interstitial and alveolar oedema
- pleural effusion
The MRT can influence the size of the heart on an image by changing
- not using 180 cm
2 PA versus AP
3 supine or erect
Blood pressure is dependant upon two factors.
- cardiac output
2. total peripheral resistance
Name two types of aneurysms
- saccular (spherical in shape and involve only a portion of the vessel wall)
- fusiform (bulges out on all sides (circumferentially)
In cases of closed chest trauma, what are the other signs besides mediastinal widening that are important for a definite diagnosis of rupture of the aorta
- widening of the right paratracheal stripe.
(usually a normal finding on the frontal chest x-ray and represents the right tracheal wall, adjacent pleural surfaces and any mediastinal fat between them). - apical pleural cap sign
(refers to a curved density at lung apex seen on chest radiograph) - displacement of nasal gastric tube to the right.
