Abdo diseases

Question 1

2 types of ileus

Answer 1

obstruction of the small intestine.
Paralytic :peristalsis stops

mechanical obstruction: physical blockage of bowel - tumors, adhesions, or hernia.

Intestinal loops proximal to site of obstruction are markedly dilated with gas.

Dilation produces radiographic sign commonly called the “circular staircase or herringbone” pattern,

Question 2

CROHN’S DISEASE

Answer 2

inflammation in small intestine

Usually occurs in the ileum, but it can affect any part of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus.

Inflammation extends deep into the lining of the affected organ.

Can cause pain & diarrhoea

Question 3

Celiac disease

Answer 3

a form of malabsorption disease (sprue) : affects proximal small bowel, especially the proximal duodenum & increased ileal folds

It commonly involves the insoluble protein (gluten) found in cereal grains(se.g. wheat, barley, and rye).

Question 4

Colitis

Answer 4

inflammatory condition of the large intestine.

Intestinal mucosa can appear rigid & thick &haustral markings may be missing along involved segment

Question 5

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 5

Chronic condition

coinlike ulcers

seen during BE as multiple ring-shaped filling defects that create a “cobblestone” appearance along the mucosa the mucosal wall

Question 6

Diverticulum

Answer 6

outpouching of the mucosal wall

Patient may develop peritonitis if a diverticulum perforates mucosal wall.

Question 7

Neoplasm

Answer 7

growth benign or malignant

Question 8

adenocarcinoma

Answer 8

malignant

Question 9

Intussusception

Answer 9

telescoping or invagination of one part of intestine into another

infants

Question 10

Polyps

Answer 10

project inward

Question 11

Volvulus

Answer 11

twisting of a portion of intestine on its own mesentery, leading to a mechanical obstruction.

leads to obstruction and necrosis -> decreased blood flow