Diseases and Conditions of the Urinary System Flashcards
Anuria
Absence of urine production or output
Bladder Neck Obstruction (BNO)
Blockage at the base of the bladder that reduces or prevents urine from passing into the urethra
Cystocele
Prolapsing or downward displacement of the bladder due to weakening of the supporting tissues between a woman’s bladder and vagina
Dysuria
Painful or difficult urination, commonly described a a “burning sensation” while urinating
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Any type of kidney disease in which there is little or no remaining kidney function, requiring the patient to undergo dialysis or kidney transplant for survival
Enuresis
Involuntary discharge of urine; also called incontinence
Fistula
Abnormal passage from a hollow organ to the surface or from one organ to another
Hydronephrosis
Abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis and the calyces of one or both kidneys due to pressure from accumulated urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the urinary tract
Interstitial Cystisis (IC)
Chronic Inflammation of the bladder wall that is not caused by bacterial infection and is not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy
AKA painful bladder syndrome
Nephrotic Syndrome
Loss of large amounts of plasma protein, usually albumin, through urine due to an increased permeability of the glomerular membrane
Neurogenic Bladder
Impairment of bladder control due to brain or nerve conduction
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
Inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys
Urgency
Sensation of the need to void immediately
Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
Disorder caused by the failure of urine to pass through the ureters to the bladder, usually due to impairment of the valve between the ureter and bladder or obstruction in the ureter
Wilms Tumor
Rapidly developing malignant neoplasm of the kidney that usually occurs in children
