Diseases Flashcards
King of genetics
Medel
Marfans syndrome
Problems with connective tissue (arms hang below knees)
If colors mix like red and white
Incomplete dominance
If it isn’t mixed colors but one trait isn’t dominant over another
Co dominance
Epistasis
One gene masks another gene
Polygenic inheritance
If you have one extreme mixed with another. Super black with really white. You usually get somewhere in the middle
Muscular dystrophy
Weakened muscle tissue, missing muscle protein called dystrophin
Achondroplasia
Midget syndrome. Dominant disorder but most everyone is homozygous recessive
Polydactyl
Extra fingers toes, dominant disorder 99.99% don’t have it
Non disjunction
When the crossing over fails
What’s worse nondisjunction in mitosis or mieosis
Mieosis
Edwards syndrome
Most babies are female mentally retarded
Patau syndrome
Problem with chromosome 13. Infection in the brain
Euploidy
Have the correct amount of chromosomes in the body
Turner syndrome
No extra X chromosome, females are fertile, live a normal life
Monosomy disease.
disease that you can survive normally with
Klinefelters syndrome
Xxy male. This person has one Barr body X chromosome. These men do not go through puberty
Jacob’s syndrome
Xyy taller than average males. Very aggressive
What are worse autosomal problems and sex chromosomes
Autosomal by far
Meta females
Xxx 2 Barr bodies. No really problems
Cri du chat
Larnyx doesn’t form. Mentally retarded. Deletion. Mentally retarded
A gene that’s on a homologous chromosome one allele is silenced and the other is expressed
Genomic imprinting
Inherit abnormal chromosome from their father. Never stop eating
Prader willi
Inherit abnormal chromosome from their mother. Happy puppet
Angelman syndrome.
Problem with the tip of the X chromosome
Fragile x syndrome
Polyploidy
More than 2 sets of chromosomes
Are plants aloud to be polyploidy?
Yes
Is it bad for humans to be polyploidy?
Only if there is an odd set
Complete deleting of a part of a chromosome
Deletion
Can repeat a section of a chromosome
Duplication
Switches position of a chromosome
Inversion
Moves a segment of another chromosome
Translocation
Extranuclear genes
Found in one circle of DNA.
Example: Mitocondria and chloroplasts
Cytoplasmic genes
Color of offspring determined by maternal parent
