diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

what is parkinsons disease

A

tremors, slowed movement, rigid muscles, impaired posture, loss of automatic movements, speed changes, writing changes

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2
Q

why is Parkinson’s hard to treat?

A

ongoing loss of brain cells neurones are made sick by pollution from alpha synuclein

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3
Q

causes of Parkinson’s

A

ange, gender, genetics, head trauma

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4
Q

what is the drug for parkinsons

A

L-Dopa

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5
Q

how does L-dopa work

A

it increases the levels of dopamine using levodopa usually improves movement problems

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6
Q

what disease is caused by a lack of dopamine

A

parkinsons

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7
Q

what disease Is caused by a lack of serotonin

A

depression

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8
Q

what is depression

A

a lack of serotonin, this causes low moods, sadness, anxiety, too much sleep or no sleep, change in weight for eating too much or not eating, aches and pains and sometimes suicidal thoughts

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9
Q

what role does serotonin play in the brain

A

its a chemical that carries messages between nerve cells, plays a key function in happy moods, sleep, digestion and sex drive

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10
Q

what drug can be used to help depression

A

prozac

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11
Q

how can drugs like prolix help depression

A

increases the levels of serotonin, prozac and similar drugs are agonist, prozac works fast and can help depression in a time span of 4-6 weeks

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12
Q

what is an agonist drug

A

eg prozac
they copy receptors and active them

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13
Q

what is antagonist drug

A

drugs that copy receptors but do not activate them, antagonists block receptor activation by agonists

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14
Q

what does inhibitory mean

A

it can decrease the likely-hood of action potential, serotonin is inhibitory

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15
Q

what does excitatory mean

A

increase the likely-hood of action potential, dopamine can be both

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16
Q

what is COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

17
Q

what are examples of COPD

A

chronic bronchitis
emphysema

18
Q

causes of chronic bronchitis

A

excessive secretion of mucus (cough)
blocked airways
squarrmos epithelium thickens

19
Q

effects of chronic bronchitis

A

wheezing and coughing up mucus
sever breathing problems
weakness in muscles

20
Q

causes of emphysema

A

smoking
damage to air sacks
destruction in alveoli walls
large air spaces in the lungs
decreased surface area for gas exchange

21
Q

effects of emphysema

A

damages cilia in epithelial tissue so they can’t remove mucus
coughing up mucus, wheezing
tightness in chest with loss of breath