Disease of Pericardium

Question 1

Acute pericarditis Clinical Findings

Answer 1

Dyspnea
Often febrile
Pericardial friction rub is characteristic
chest pain (posteral)
Leukocytosis
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Elevated troponin

Question 2

Acute Pericarditis: EKG

Answer 2

Diffuse ST segment elevation and PR Depression

Question 3

Pericardial Effusions 4 types

Answer 3

Transudative: Congestive heart failure, myxodema
Exudative: Tuberculosis, empyema
Hemorrahagic: Trauma, malignant effusions
Malignant: Fluid from metastasis

Question 4

Beck’s triad (Cardiac Tamponade sx.)

Answer 4

Hypotension
Jugular venous distention (JVD)
Muffled heart sounds

Question 5

Cardiac tamponade Signs and symptoms

Answer 5

Dyspnea and cough common
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Narrow pulse pressure
Pulsus paradoxus
Beck’s triad

Question 6

Constrictive Pericarditis

Answer 6

Inflammation that leads to the pericardium becoming fibrotic, thickened, and adherent and restricts diastolic fillings, produces elevated venous pressures
Causes:
Radiation
Cardiac surgery
Viral pericarditis
Idiopathic

Question 7

Constrictive Pericarditis Echo

Answer 7

may see septal bounce