Disease Flashcards
What are infectious diseases
Spread by pathogens such as bacteria viruses parasites and fungi.
Most can be transmitted from one person to the next
What are contagious diseases
Type of infectious disease
Bacterial infections eg typhoid
Viral diseases eg Ebola
What are zoonotic diseases
Infectious diseases which are transmitted form animals to humans eg rabies
Non infectious diseases
Causes -
Nutritional deficiencies eg rickets
Lifestyle eg diabetes
Genetic inheritance eg cancer
Endemic diseases
Exist permanently in a geographical area or population group eg sleeping sickness in sub Saharan Africa
Epidemic
An outbreak of disease that attacks many people at the same time and spreads through a population in a restricted geographical area eg Ebola in west Africa 2014
Pandemic
An epidemic that has spread worldwide eg Black Death
Disease diffusion
Disease spreads outward from its origin and across space
Expansion diffusion
A disease has a source and spreads outwards into new areas. Meanwhile seekers in the source area remain infected eg tuberculosis
Relocation diffusion
A disease leaves the area or origin and moves to new areas eg cholera 2010 moves from Nepal to Haiti
Contagious diffusion
The spread of disease through direct contact with a carrier eg Ebola epidemic west Africa 2014-2015
Hierarchical diffusion
Disease press’s through an ordered sequence of places
Also channeled along road, rail and air transport networks which facilitate contact between carriers and susceptible population
Eg 2009 H1N1 flu virus became a pandemic via international flights
