Disease Flashcards
What is microbiota
certain bacteria living on a particular place on your body, should stay on the certain place or it can make you sick
What is resident microbiota
things that live there throughout life
What is transient microbiota
short stay microbes
When is the origin for microbiota
before birth, in the placenta
When does new mircobes get introduced
on the way out, i.e. vaginal tract, inhaling air when first starts to cry, people touching the baby
What is opportunistic microbe
a microbe that is normally harmless but can be pathogenic
How does an opportunistic microbe become pathogenic
Immunosuppression
Changes in biota: something that shouldn’t win does
Competition
Antibiotics, hormone changes, stress
-Introduction of normal biota to unusual site
Where do pathogens live before the infect you?
Animal reservoirs, human carriers, non-living reservoirs
Example of animal reservoirs
zoonosis: contact w/ animal or its waste, eating animal, bloodsucking arthropods
- Extensive Reservoirs
Why would pathogens in humans not normally affect animals? (life-cycle)
They are usually dead in host, meaning we don’t participate in the life cycle like animals do… animals don’t normally eat us
Examples of human carriers
asymptomatic, aids: may take years for disease to develop
Example of non-living reservoirs
Soil, water, food
Exposure ‘contaminated’: presence of microbes in/on the body, could become new resident of microbiota, be a transient, overcome defenses and multiply and become established (infection)
Modes of transmission
Contact, Vehicle, Vector
What is direct contact
handshaking, kissing, sexual intercourse, bites
What is indirect contact
drinking glasses, toothbrushes, toys, punctures
