Adhesion Factors Flashcards
What do adhesion factors have
suckers or hooks, ligands/adhesions(fimbriae, glycocapsules)
Do attachment proteins differ
yes, different viruses/bacteria have different mechanisms
Explain host specific attachment
may work on humans but not on dogs
Some bacteria need these adhesion factors, if we take them away they can’t cause the disease
How does the disease manifest
-Disease (morbidity) any change from state of health. Healthy individual to unhealthy individual
What is disease
microbe multiplies to adversely affect the body
What is contamination
mere presence of microbes
What is infection
invasion of pathogens
What are signs
objective, can be seen by individual, i.e. rash
what are symptoms
subjective, just felt by patients not blatantly seen
i.e. achiness
what is syndrome
signs and symptoms of a characteristic of a disease
what is asymptomatic/subclinical
may not know you have the disease, can’t look at the person and say something is wrong b/c they’re not showing signs
Adhesion Factor: a virulence factor
Extracellular enzymes, secreted by pathogens and dissolve structural chemicals within body
what is virulence
more virulence factors more likely to cause disease, traits that interact with host and enable entry, adherence, access to nutrients, escape immune system.
How likely it is to cause a disease, if you come in contact with it you will get it sometimes without even knowing you have it
Things that allow them to get in and not get kicked out
What is Hyaluronidase
dissolves glue between cells, and if you remove glue then you have space for invasion
What is Collagenase
breaks down structures allowing for more bacteria to get in
What is Coagulase
clot forms
What is Kinase
dissolves blood cells and releasing bacteria
What do toxins do
trigger harmful immune responses and release them into your blood
What is it called when toxins get into your blood
toxemia
What are exotoxins
bacteria secrete them, mainly gram positive and gram positive bacteria
What are endotoxins
Dead Gram-negative bacteria release endotoxin, which
induces effects
What is the toxicity of endotoxin
low but may be fatal in high doses
Toxicity of exotoxins
high
Heat stability of endotoxins
Stable up to 1 hour at autoclave temp 121c
Heat stability of exotoxins
typically unstable at temp above 60c
Exotoxin effect on host
varies
