Disc Review Flashcards
What are the five descending pathways?
- Corticospinal Tract
- Rubrospinal Tract
- Vestibulospinal Tract
- Tectospinal Tract
- Reticulospinal Tract
What are the three ascending pathways we learned about?
- Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscal Pathway
- Trigeminal Touch Pathway
- Spinothalamic Tract
What descending pathway start at the brain M1 (area 4 & 6)?
Cortical spinal tract
What descending pathway starts at Red Nuclei?
Rubrospinal Tract
List the order in which this process enters :
What is the process of Vestibulospinal Tract in which it enters?
it has four steps, its uniqueness is the cocchlea
- Vestibular Labyriyth
- Hair cells in Cochlea
- Cranial Nerve V lll
- Vestibular Nuclei
Descending Pathway:
What are the two lateral pathways?
- Corticospinal Tract
- Rubrospinal Tract
Decesending Pathway:
What are the three ventomedial pathways?
- Vestibulospinal Tract
- Tectospinal Tract
- Reticulospinal Tract
List the order in which this process enters :
What is the process of Corticalspinal Tract in which it enters?
it has a five step process
- (starts) in brain M1 (area 4&6)
- Mid-Brain
- Medullary pyramidal
- Pryamidal Decussation
- Lateral Column
List the order in which this process enters :
What is the process of Rubrospinal Tract in which it enters?
this process has three steps
- Red Nuclei
- Pyramidal Decussation
- Lateral Column
Taste Transduction: Based on What Dimer you have?
What two dimers detect sweetness?
T1R2 + T1R3
Taste Transduction: Based on What Dimer you have?
What two dimers detect umami?
T1R1 + T1R3
Taste Transduction: Based on What Dimer you have?
What two dimers detect bitterness?
Key: We have the ability to detect bitter more because one of its dimer
T1R +T2R
On / Off: Starts at the Photoreceptors, Bi-polar cells, Ganglion cell
In the dark, an off cell will blank ?
depolarize
On / Off: Starts at the Photoreceptors, Bi-polar cells, Ganglion cell
In dark, an on cell will blank?
hyperpolarize
Hearing System:
Describe in detail what tonotopy is?
is the spatial arrangement of where sounds of different frequency are processed in the brain
Visual System:
Where are rods least likely to be found?
A. Nasal Retina
B.Temporal Retina
C. Fovea
D. Blindspot
E.None of the above
In the fovea all cones are likely to be found
D. Blindspot
Olfactory System:
Flavor= Smelling + ——–+ Seeing + ——-
Key: All your senses contribute to flavor it needs every sensory input.
Touching ,Hearing
Ascending Pathway:
Which pathway deals with face and touch of head or body?
Trigeminal Touch Pathway:
On / Off: Starts at the Photoreceptors, Bi-polar cells, Ganglion cell
In light, an on cell will blank?
depolarize
On / Off: Starts at the Photoreceptors, Bi-polar cells, Ganglion cell
In light, an off cell will blank?
hyperpolarize
True or False: Does a photoreceptor fire an action potential?
False
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
In the center, what color will cause maximum depolariztion?
Red
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
What will be the outcome if we have a red center and a surround at its basal state?
Center is red so that will cause maximum depolariztion and the surround is at its basal state so there will be least hyperpolariztion
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
In surround, red will cause a blank hyperpolarization?
Medium
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
A medium depolarization in the center comes from what color?
Green
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
What does it mean where there’s a basal state in the center?
A basal state will have the least amount of depolarization at the center
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
In the surround, what will green do to the ganglion cell?
Green in the surround will cause maximum hyperpolarization
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
In the surround, the least hyperpolarization comes from what?
The basal state in the surround will cause least hyperpolarization
Center/ Surround in Retinal Processing :
At the basal state will there be any light?
Key: Make sure you hit two points
- No
- Why? because this is the initial state meaning no light
