Disaster Training Flashcards
1
Q
Disaster
A
is any event that causes a level of destruction, death, or injury that affects the abilities of the community to respond to the incident using available resources
2
Q
Emergencies
A
events that can be managed by agencies, communities, families, or individuals using their own resources
3
Q
Mass causality
A
over 100+ people die
4
Q
Causality
A
direct and indirect t victims, displaced persons or refugees
5
Q
Is an emergency or disaster worst?
A
disaster
6
Q
multiple casualty incident
A
more than 2, fewer than 100 injured persons
7
Q
direct victim
A
an individual who is immediately affected bt the event
8
Q
indirect victim
A
family member or friend affected or a first responder
9
Q
refugees
A
a group of ppl who have fled their homes or even their country as a result of famine, drought, natural disaster, war, or civil unrest
10
Q
avalanches, blizzards, wildfires
A
natural disater
11
Q
assassination, kidnapping, computer-based attacks, chemical, biological
A
Man-made disater
12
Q
Combination disaster
A
NA-TECH (natural/technological) disaster: a natural disaster that creates or results in a widespread technological problem
13
Q
A blizzard knocked out a power line and causes a power shutdown and radiation leak
A
Commination disaster/ NA-TECH
14
Q
flood and mudslides are suprisingly
A
man made
15
Q
terrorism motivated by
A
“is premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents.” International terrorism involves the territory or the citizens of more than one country (p. 1).
16
Q
What are weapons of mass destruction
A
chemical
biological
radioactive
17
Q
Chemical agents
A
cause death or serious bodily injury through the release, of toxic chemical
18
Q
what are threats of terrorism
A
Assassinations
Kidnappings
Hijackings
Bomb scares and bombings
Computer-based attacks
Chemical, biological, nuclear, radiological weapons
19
Q
biological agents
A
any weapon involving a disease organism
20
Q
radioactive agents
A
designed to release radiation or radioactivity at a level dangerous to human life
21
Q
premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents
A
terrorism
22
Q
in china there was a sarin gas release it was ___ lethal
A
highly
23
Q
how to treat sarin
A
move to fresh air, water, maybe meds like PAM or atropine
24
Q
VX is _______ lethal
A
very highly
25
treat VX by
moving to fresh air and water and tx with PAM and atropine
26
Tabun is ___leathy
highly
27
treat tabun by
moving to freah water and air and tx with atropine and PAM
28
Tx chlorine/phosgene
moving to fresh water and air and no antidote
29
Chlorine/phosgene is _____ leathal
low
30
hydrogen cyanide is ___ lethal
low/moderate
31
nerve agent banned by international chemical weapons convention
Sarin
32
Sign of biological weapons
1. a lot of people with flu-like symptoms in the summer (endemic disease at diff time of year)
2. Healthy population randomly becomes sick
3. people rushing for care with same thing
4. People all coming in sick and they were all recently at the same place
33
Sign of biological weapons
1. a lot of people with flu-like symptoms in the summer (endemic disease at diff times of year)
2. Healthy population randomly becomes sick
3. people rushing for care with the same thing
4. People all coming in sick and they were all recently at the same place
5. people die suddenly and rapidly
34
Category A pathogen
High risk - Anthrax, plague, smallpox, ebola
35
Category ___
Easily disseminated or transmitted
high mortality
easily cause panic and social dispution
A
Anthrax, plague, smallpox, ebola
36
Category B pathogens examples
Salmonella + Ecoli
37
Catroy __
they are moderately easy to disseminate
result in moderate morbidity rates and low mortality
Category B
38
A P S E
Please say, everyone ate
or
EAPS
Eventually, a plague started
Category A:
Anthra
plague
small pox
Ebola
39
Most lethal category
A
40
Salmoneall ad Ecoli are in category
B
41
category C pathogens are
Hanta virus and covid
42
C C H V
Can cooper have a virus
Category C
Hanta virus + Covid
43
category __
Could be engineered for mass dissemination in the future because of availability ease of production and major health impact
category C
44
the goal of a detonation of a dirty bomb is to
cause widespread panic and fear
Not the same as a nuclear weapon. There is much less radiation exposure
45
Hurricane watch
take shelter NOW/ immediate
46
Tornado/ hurricane warning
In the next 24 hours will happen
47
how often a disaster occurs
Frequency
48
meteorologist have helped us predict disasters, e.g. floods, hurricanes. Some are not preventable, fires, explosions
this term is ...
Predictability
49
The action was taken before a disaster. Prim prevention, assessing for potential dangers, developing disaster plans, conducting drills
Preventability/ Mitigation
50
Preventability/ Mitigation
The action was taken before a disaster. Prim prevention, assessing for potential dangers, developing disaster plans, conducting drills
51
Imminence
speed of onset, warning available, duration of the impact phase
52
geographic map of an area that is analyzed for the impact of a potential disaster on the population and building in the area that would be impacted
Risk map
53
a geographic map that outlines the resources that would be available in or near affected by a potential medical source that would be available in or near the area affected by a potential disaster
Resource map
54
the ability of a disaster to cause damage or injury
intensity
55
What is worst a category 1 or category 5 hurricane?
5 is the worst and 157mph or higher winds with catastrophic damage
56
If there is NO warning of a storm in a area with little resources more pppl can die. This is predicted by using the
scope (geog area)
57
age, pre-existing health problems, degree of mobility, and emotional stability.
Vulnerability
58
A community risk map includes
disaster risk (lakes, power plants)
areas that can be flooded
area power plants can explode and cause fire
Vulnerable population (school children, hospitals)
59
The community resource map shows
- stored supplies
-heavy equipment
-schools w basements shelter
-churchs w basement shelter
- tent shelter site
-evacuation route
60
Patricia, the strongest hurricane ever recorded at sea, reached a record 215 mph as it roared toward the west coast of Mexico in October 2015 ( Nat. Hurricane Center Mar.10, 2016). It's the strongest wind speed ever measured in a hurricane in the Western Hemisphere
scope
61
Lots of warning, time to prepare, Evacuation was successful in getting most of the people out before the storm struck
predicatbility
62
Sparsely populated area, off season so few tourists. Only 6 casualties because of this
timing
63
It was later found that many of the buildings were older and not built up to modern code. IF these buildings were brought up to code it would have mitigated ( lessened the effects). This may have prevented some deaths
Mitigation
64
highly populated area, large dam
scope
65
Disaster management
have the roles listed w responsibilities but do not list the nurse's or first responders' names listed bc roles can cause
ensures that resources are available
deveople a disater plan
66
First responders
local government : responsible for the safety and welfare of its citizens
67
Office of emergency management
state government:
Involved when a disaster overwhelms the local community’s resources.
PEMA ( Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency)
68
Federal government Focuses on protecting the American people and their homeland
DHS – multiple departments
FEMA – became part of DHS in 2003
CDC
NDMS/NIMS
69
non-governmental organization
American red cross
70
order people will respond to disasters
1. local government
2. state
3. federal
4. non-government
71
First responders get initial call - fires, car crashes, accidents
local government
72
Mass casualty, explosion, mass shootings…They will notify the state ( PEMA and FEMA) as needed
office of emergency management
73
community resoures can be
boy scouts, or veteran assoication
74
Releases/ Disseminate threat information
includes the national disaster mgt medical system
Department of Homeland security
75
Uses National Incident Management System ( NIMS) to coordinate response. This includes all non- medical response
Federal emergency mgt
76
After a threat has passed, will conduct surveillance to identify health hazards
Keep healthcare workers up to date
Gives direction on the treatment of communicable diseases (mass immunization if needed)
Center of disease control (CDC)
77
Coordinates efforts with other federal agencies, once President has declared an emergency or disaster
Programs include:
health services,
spiritual care,
disaster mental health,
fire safety
American red cross
78
Primary prevention ( Prevention (mitigation) stage and Preparedness/Planning stage
Prevention stage, also known as mitigation stage - Aimed at preventing the occurrence of a disaster
Preparedness/ Planning stage – aims to limit the consequences if the disaster can’t be prevented
79
Secondary prevention ( __________stage)
Response stage
Implemented once the disaster occurs
Includes shelter in place, search, rescue and triage of victims (p.602 Table 29-2)
Assessment of destruction and devastation
Deals with community and personal response to disasters
80
Tertiary prevention (_______stage)
Recovery Stage
Focuses on recovery and restoring the community to previous levels of functioning
Aimed at preventing a recurrence or minimizing the effects of future disasters
81
Shelter in Place
Evacuation
Search and Rescue
Staging Area
Disaster Triage
Rapid Epidemiological Assessment
This is considered the ______ stage
Response/ secondary prevention
82
Green tage
walking wounded
83
Yellow tage
systemic but not yet life-threatening complications
84
Red tag
life-threating conditions that can be stabilized and have a high probability of survival
85
Black tag
death is immendite
86
Hazmat tag
contaminated
87
reposition airway
have resp _______
Dont have resp________
Have: immediate (red)
Dont have: deceased (black)
88
Over 30 resp get ____ tag
red
89
under 30 resp and altered mental status
red tag
90
Normal Resp and no pulse
immediate (red tag)
91
Normal resp under 30: and normal mental status
yellow or green
92
Patient 1 – Pt. states he cannot move his legs. His resp. is 24. Cap. refill is less than two. He is awake and oriented.
Yellow
93
Patient 2 – Her shirt is soaked with blood. Resp. are 36. Cap. refill is less that 2 seconds. She is awake and oriented
red
94
Patient 3 - Some minor abrasions to the forehead. Resp. is 16. Cap. refill is less that 2 seconds. He cannot recall his name or where he is.
red
95
Patient 4 – Pt. appears to have no injuries. Resp. 20. Cap refill less that 2 seconds. She is unconscious
red
This patient appears to have no injuries Her respirations are 20 – go to perfusion Her capillary refill is less than 2 seconds – go to mentation She is unconscious – Stop here and give a red tag
96
Patient 5 – Pt. is lying quietly on the floor. They are not breathing. Cap. refill is greater than 2 seconds. What would you do first?
black
97
reasons to get a red tag
Resp over 30
The airway had to be repositioned
Cant follow commands or unconscious
Capillary refill more than 2 seconds
98
this is the phase when people are working 20 hours straight and want to keep on going
everyone helps people survive. Health care personnel work with little sleep.
heroic phase
99
people gather together and tell their stories
people tell stories about how then helped and did things they normally wouldn’t do.
honeymoon phase
100
health care providers experience depression & exhaustion.
disillusionment
101
phase where ppl look towards the future
reconstrution
102
response phases of the community
HHDR
Heros Have duty + responsibility
Heroic- everyone helps people survive. Healthcare personnel work with little sleep.
Honeymoon- people gather together and tell their stories.
Disillusionment- health care providers experience depression & exhaustion.
Reconstruction- look to the future.
103
Can you get sued under the Good samaritan act?
Yes, but only if you did not practice with in your scope of practice
of any acts or omissions in rendering the emergency care, except any grossly negligent acts or omissions which result in harm to the person receiving emergency care
