Dimensional Analysis: Unit Conversion Flashcards
how to convert from kg to g to mg to mcg?
move the decimal three places in the appropriate direction until you get to the desired unit
kg (3) g (3) mg (3) mcg
how to convert from L to mL to microliter?
move the decimal three places in the appropriate direction until you get to the desired unit
L (3) mL (3) microliter
how to convert between km, m, cm, and mm?
KHDODCM
Kilo Hecto Deka (Original) Deci Centi Milli
ml to cc conversion?
1 ml = 1 cc
cc to g conversion?
1 cc = 1g
ml to gram conversion
1 ml = 1 g
deciliter fraction of liter?
1/10
how many drams in a pill bottle?
8 drams
dram to ml?
1 dram = 4ml
IMPORTANT! oz to ml?
1 oz = 30ml
IMPORTANT! how many g in 1 dry oz?
28.4g
gr to mg conversion?
64.8 mg
gtt to ml conversion?
15 gtt = 1ml
t to T conversion?
3 t = 1 T
t to mL?
1 t = 5ml
T to mL?
1 T = 15ml
cup to oz?
1 cup = 8 oz
how to convert from cups to pints to quarts to gallons?
CUTE PULI QUICKLY GETCHA
think of “2 plus 2 is 4”
2 cups = 1 pint
2 pints = 1 quart
4 quarts = 1 gallon
kg to lb?
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
define dose
quantity of drug to be administered at ONE TIME
define dosage interval
amount of time between separate doses
define dosage or dosage regimen
regimen of size (quantity), dosage interval, and number of doses (Tx duration)
appropriate way to write drug orders
drug -> dose -> route of admin -> frequency [eg. q12h x 2d]
NOTE: if giving volume, must also give concentration on same line
e.g. 3oo mL (250mg/ml)
define dosage strength
dry weight of drug per unit (tablet, capsule, mL, etc.)
example: digoxin -> 250 mcg digoxin/tablet
define vehicle
transporting agent for a drug
define suspension
fine particles of an insoluble drug suspended or dispersed in a liquid vehicle
define elixir
hydroalcoholic solution containing a medication
ex. children Tylenol
define syrup
sugar and water soln containing a medication
ex. lactulose (stool softener)
define emulsion
oily substance disbursed in an aqueous medium
ex. cyclosporine
IMPORTANT!!
define dosage strength for oral suspensions
dry weight of drug per UNIT VOLUME
IMPORTANT!!
Dosage strength of oral suspension is also known as
concentration
- 1cc syringe called
- relationship between gauge number and diameter
- typical gauge sz in small animals
- bevel faces.. and is measured in..
- Luer-Lock syringe?
- Catheter tip?
- tuberulin syringe
- inverse
- 22
- up, gauges
- hub of needle twists in and locks won’t just fall off
- longer and bigger
loading dose
high dose of a drug given at the onset of drug therapy with the aim of rapidly achieving a certain, desired blood plasma concentration of the drug
(allows to reach therapeutic levels more quickly)
- insulin syringes are measured in _____
- types
- sig feature
units.
u100 = 1/100 of a ml
u40 =1/40 of a ml (for smaller patients)
have no dead space. needle attached directly to barrel
maintenance dose
a dose of a drug given in a series of repetitive doses (or by continuous IV infusion) in order to maintain a certain, desired blood plasma concentration of the drug
- lower than loading dose.
- sufficient to keep therapeutic levels contstant
steady state
when drug accumulation = drug elimination
peak versus trough in plasma drug conc after loading dose
peak = highest level in steady state
-too high (toxic) going above therapeutic range
trough = lowest level in steady state
-if too low, ineffective, below therapeutic range
Dram to oz?
1 dram = 0.0625 oz
ul
microliter. 1/1 millionth of a L
