Dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 1

What is secondary cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 1

It is compensatory cardiomyopathy that develops secondary to HTN or Valve diseases.

Question 2

What is primary cardiomyopathy?

Answer 2

It is a primary myopathic disease in itself.

Question 3

What is the cellular pathology of of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 3

It is the dilation of the all four chambers of the heart due to the addition of sarcomeres in series which thins the chamber walls making the chambers large and the contractions weaker.

Question 4

What is the pathophysiological manifestations of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 4

• Low SV
• Biventricular congestive heart failure due to reduced pumping efficiency.
• tricuspid and mitral regurgitation due to the stretching of the chambers induced valvular incompetency.

Question 5

Dilated cardiomyopathy is systolic or diastolic heart failure ?

Answer 5

Systolic

Question 6

What is the auscultatory finding in mitral regurgitation?

Answer 6

Holosystolic murmur due to annular dilation.

Question 7

What is the pathologic heart sound heard in HFREF as in dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 7

S3 due to the blood slaming into the dilated ventricular walls during diastole.

Question 8

What is the cause of arrhythmia in dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 8

Irritation of the conductive cardiomycytes due to the stretching of the contractile myocardium within which it is located.

Question 9

What are the cause of primary dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 9

It is idiopathic or due to genetic conditions such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Hemochromatosis.

Question 10

What are the secondary cause of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 10

Coxackievirus B myocarditis and Chagas disease as well as alcohol abuse.

Question 11

What are the drugs that can cause dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 11

Anthracyclines and cocaine

Question 12

What is the nutritional cause of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 12

Wet beriberi due to Vitamin B1( Thymine) deficiency.

Question 13

_________can develop during third trimester or the week following delivery.

Answer 13

Peripartum dilated cardiomyopathy.

Question 14

What are the Tx for dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 14

• Left ventricular assisting device( LVAD).
• Transplant

Question 15

Link to dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 15

https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Dilated_cardiomyopathy?from=/pa/organ-systems/cardiovascular-system/pathophysiology/cardiomyopathy

Question 16

What are the medicines used in dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 16

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) have shown benefit in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and are recommended in patients with DCM.

Question 17

What are the clinical signs of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

Answer 17

*Tachypnea, Tachycardia and Hypertension or hypotension.
* Signs of hypoxia (eg, cyanosis, clubbing).
* JVD, S3 gallops, and hepatic congestion.
* Signs of pulmonary and peripheral oedema.