Digestive System: Structure And Function

Question 1

What are the names of the abdominal regions?

Answer 1

• Right Hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left Hypochondriac
• Right Lumbar, Umbilical, Left Lumbar
• Right iliac, Hypogastric, Left iliac

Question 2

What organ is in the Right Upper quadrant?

Answer 2

Liver

Question 3

What organ is in the left upper quadrant?

Answer 3

Stomach

Question 4

What organs are in the right lower quadrant?

Answer 4

• Caecum, appendix, intestine

Question 5

What organ is in the left lower quadrant?

Answer 5

Intestine

Question 6

What are the main functions of the alimentary tract?

Answer 6

• Indigestion
• digestion
• absorption
• excretion

Question 7

What is the alimentary tract journey?

Answer 7

• Oral cavity,pharynx, epiglottis , oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejenum, ileum, caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

Question 8

What are the different layers of the inner lining of the mucosa Cmoist inner lining of organs and body cavities)?

Answer 8

• Epithelium
• Lamina Propia
• Muscularis Mucosa

Question 9

What is the Lamina Propia?

Answer 9

• loose connective tissue
• small blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics
  -Immune cells

Question 10

What is the muscularis mucosa?

Answer 10

• Thin muscle layer
• holds lamina & epithelium in place

Question 11

What is the submucosa?

Answer 11

• Layer after musculuris mucosa, before main muscle
• 2nd layer of loose connective tissue
• contains sub mucosal plexus: contractions, glandular secretions, neural tissue
• blood vessels, lymphatics etc.

Question 12

What is the muscularis externa?

Answer 12

• Circular muscle twist
• outer longitudinal layer (squeeze)
• located between muscle layers: myenteric plexus

Question 13

What is outside the muscularis externa?

Answer 13

• Serosa: covers the organs in the body cavities, allowing movement, e.g. Stomach, si, Li
• adventitia: holds organs together (attaches organs to surrounding tissue ) e.g. Oesophagus

Question 14

What type of epithelium protects the oral cavity?

Answer 14

• Lined with stratified squamous epithelium

Question 15

What are the types of salivary glands in the oval cavity?

Answer 15

• Small salivary gland: In submucosa of oral cavity & tongue
• large salivary glands: sublingual (beneath tongue), submandibular (floor of mouth), parotid ( largest, empties at the 2nd molar)

Question 16

What are the different types of drug administration in the oral cavity?

Answer 16

• Oral
• buccal: placed next to cheek, rapid absorption, possibility of swallowing pill
  -Sublingual: placed under tongue, dissolves in saliva