DIgestive System Review Flashcards
What is the main function of the digestive system?
It is an organ system that takes food (nutrients and sugar), digests it, and excrete the remaining waste.
What do the salivary glands do?
They produce saliva.
What does the esophagus do?
It carries food from the mouth to the stomach.
What does the liver do?
It produces bile.
What is the stomach and what does it do?
A bag made of muscle where food is held. Enzymes and hydrochloric acid are added there.
What does the gallbladder do?
It stores bile.
What does the pancreas do?
It produces the enzymes to digest proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the small intestine. It also produces the hormone insulin.
What does the large intestine/colon do?
It absorbs water and salt.
What does the small intestine do?
It absorbs nutrients.
What does the mouth do?
It’s where food is mechanically broken down, using the grinding of the teeth.
What does the tongue do?
It mixes food in the mouth and makes swallowing happen.
What does villi do?
Minute projection extending from the walls of the small intestine and involved in absorbing products of digestion.
What does the rectum do?
Indigestible matter is held there before defecation.
What does the anus do?
It serves as an exit point for solid waste (stool) from the body.
What are tissues?
Specialized cells working together to perform a specific function.
What are organisms?
Coordinated organ systems that function as a whole.
What are organs?
Different tissues that work together to perform a specific task.
What are cells?
Basic units of life.
What are stem cells?
When all cells start off as these identical cells.
What are organ systems?
Group of organs that interact to perform a common task.
Most digestion occurs in your stomach.
False.
Heartburn is when acid from your stomach falls onto your heart causing you pain.
False.
Enzymes break down food chemically.
True.
Epithelial cells secrete mucus.
True.
Only physical digestion occurs in the stomach.
False.
The accessory organs aid in the process of digestion, but food does not pass through them.
True.
What is the tube that food travels down to reach the stomach called?
The esophagus.
Put the terms in their correct order from the most simple to the most complex.
Stem cell, cell, tissue, organ, organism, and organ system.
In what way are organ systems more complex than highly specialized cells?
The organ system is more complex because it has to interact with other organ systems in coordination and it has to play a specific role in the system.
