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Poultry Digestive > Digestive System: Bacterial Diseases > Flashcards

Digestive System: Bacterial Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Bacterial dss

A
  1. Omphalitis
  2. Salmonellosis
  3. Ulcerative Enteritis
  4. Necrotic enteritis
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2
Q

Omphalitis synonyms

A

-Mushy chick dss
-Yolk sac infection
-Navel ill

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3
Q

Infection of umbilical stump

A

Omphalitis

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4
Q

Causes increased mortality in the first 2 weeks after hatching

A

Omphalitis

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5
Q

Swelling, edema, redness, abscess action of navel

A

Omphalitis

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6
Q

Signs include moist gangrene

A

Omphalitis

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7
Q

TX and prevention for Omphalitis

A
  1. No specific tx
  2. Careful control of temperature, humidity 3. Sanitation in the incubator of the hatchery
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8
Q

Salmonellosis organism

A
  1. S. pullorum
  2. S. gallinarum
  3. S. arizonae
  4. S. enteric subs. Enterica serovar gallinarum
  5. S. typhimurium
  6. S. enteritides
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9
Q

Bacillary white diarrhea/ Pullorum dss

A

S. pullorum

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10
Q

Fowl typhoid

A

Salmonella gallinarum

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11
Q

Paracolon infection

A

S. arizonae

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12
Q

Non host specific

A

S. typhimurium
S. enteritides

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13
Q

Salmonella enterica subs.

A

Enterica serovar Gallinarum

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14
Q

Salmonella virulence factors

A

EAT COFIE
1. Endotoxins
2. Capsules
3. Adhesions: Fimbrial; non-fimbrial
4. Type III secretion systems and effector molecules
5. Outer membrane proteins
6. Flagella
7. Enterotoxins
8. Iron capturing abilities

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15
Q

Salmonella post mortem lesion

A

-Enlarged mottled liver
-Un absorbed Yolk sac
-Congestion of duoxenum
- Foci in lungs
- Salphingitis
-Opthalmitis
-Pericardiis
-Perihepatitis

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16
Q

Post-mortem lesions

A
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17
Q

Salmonella tx

A

-Furazolidone 0.022% in feed
-Sulfonamides and nitrofurans

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18
Q

Strategies to prevent spreading salmonellosis

A

-Hygiene and disinfection
- Good rodent control program
-People: Must obey all biosecurity procedures imposed in the farm
-Feed ingredients: HACCP principles
- Reduce the spread of infection in hatcheries
-Useful vaccination programs for breeders or layers
-Use probiotics

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19
Q

Signs: white diarrhea, edema of tibiotarsal joints, greyish-white nodes in heart, military white nodules (heart)

A

Pullorum dss

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20
Q

Cause acute septicemia and death

A

Pullorum dss

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21
Q

High mortality (100%) in 2-3 weeks old chickens and turkeys

A

Pullorum dss

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22
Q

Vertical (transovarian) / horizontal

A

Pullorum dss

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23
Q

Signs:
Enlarged brown greenish tint of liver
Enteritis in anterior SI
Acute FT: brown lungs with sarcoma-like nodules
Chronic FT: Deformed pendulating ovarian follicles

A

Fowl typhoid

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24
Q

Fowl typhoid: brown lungs with sarcoma-like nodules

A

Acute FT

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25
Q

Fowl typhoid: Deformed pendulating ovarian follicles

A

Chronic FT

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26
Q

Mucoid yellow diarrhea

A

Fowl typhoid

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27
Q

Sporadic mortality (10-90%) over a long period

A

Fowl typhoid

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28
Q

Occurs in growing and adult poultry

A

Fowl typhoid

29
Q

Respiratory dss and depression

A

Fowl typhoid

30
Q

Egg transmission may also occur

A

Fowl typhoid

31
Q

Ulcerative Enteritis synonym

32
Q

Ulcerative enteritis: etiologic agent

A

Clostridium colinum

33
Q

Gram (+)
Obligate
Anaerobic bacteria

A

Ulcerative Enteritis: Clostridium colinum

34
Q

Ulcerative enteritis:
IP (infectious period?)
Course of dss

A

IP: 1-3 days
Course of dss: 5_10 days

35
Q

Ulcerative enteritis: Broiler

A

2-5 week old
Less dramatic in chickens (2-10% Mortality)

36
Q

Ulcerative enteritis: Quail

A

Acute with high mortality (100%)
Affected between 4 & 12 weeks

37
Q

Ulcerative enteritis: Turkeys

A

Between 3 & 8 weeks of age

38
Q

Ulcerative enteritis transmission

A

-Direct contact with carrier birds
-Indirect contact with infected droppings, contaminated pens, feeds and water
-Mechanical transmission

39
Q

-extreme depression
- emaciation
- birds sit humped and eyes closed
-watery droppings and streak urates
-dull ruffled feathers
-Anemia

A

Ulcerative enteritis

40
Q

Dytrophic necrobiotic lesions of liver and spleen

A

Post mortem lesion of ulcerative enteritis

43
Q

Deep button-like ulcers mainly in caeca

A

ulcerative enteritis

44
Q

Yellow Foci and hemorrhagic bounderies

A

ulcerative enteritis

45
Q

-Necrotic diphtheric membrane
-inflammatory ulcerative and necrotic changes in intestinal mucosa

A

Ulcerative enteritis (post mortem)

46
Q

Ulcerative enteritis diagnosis

A

Identification of the bacteria on histopathology samples, bacterial culture, or PCR

47
Q

TX and prevention for ulcerative enteritis

A

-Bacitracin (220g/ton) in feed is used as a preventive in quail
-Streptomycin (0.006%) and Furazolidone (0.02%) are effective tx
- Maintain sanitation and biosecurity
-Using acidifying litter tx

48
Q

In TX and prevention in Ulcerative enteritis what is difficult to prevent in quail

A

Clean and disinfection
New stock

49
Q

Necrotic enteritis synonym

A

Enterotoxemia
Rot gut

50
Q

Necrotic enteritis: etiologic agent

A

Clostridium perfringens Type A and C

51
Q

Gram (+), Obligate, Anaerobic bacteria

A

C. perfringens

52
Q

Acute enterotoxemia

A

Necrotic enteritis

53
Q

Necrotic enteritis: Broiler

A

2-5 weeks old

54
Q

Necrotic enteritis: Turkey

A

7-12 weeks

55
Q

Intestine and feces emit a fetix odor
Dark blood stained feces, diarrhea
Reduced feed consumption

A

Necrotic enteritis

56
Q

Necrotic enteritis persist in flocks from

A

From 5-10 days
Mortality rate: 2-50%

57
Q

Necrotic enteritis signs

A

Sudden increase in mortality
Depression, ruffled feathers, diarrhea
Distention of SI
Marked Congestion of liver

59
Q

Cholangiohepatitis in broilers

A

Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion

60
Q

Ballooned, friable with foul emitting brown fluid

A

Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion

61
Q

Tan to yellow pseudomembrane

A

Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion

62
Q

Gross lesion in SI: jejunum/ileum

A

Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion

63
Q

Necrotic enteritis diagnosis: presumptive

A

Gross lesion

64
Q

Necrotic enteritis diagnosis

A

Mucosal scraping of large gram(+) rods

65
Q

Necrotic enteritis tx

A

Antibiotic
Treat an infected flock for coccidiosis
Maintain effective sanitation and biosecurity
Avoid contact with other poultry spp

67
Q

Antibiotics for necrotic enteritis

A

Penicillin, Virginiamycin (20g/ton
Bacitracin (50g/ton)
Lincomycin (2g/ton)

Poultry Digestive (5 decks)

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