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Digestive System: Bacterial Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Bacterial dss

A
  1. Omphalitis
  2. Salmonellosis
  3. Ulcerative Enteritis
  4. Necrotic enteritis
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2
Q

Omphalitis synonyms

A

-Mushy chick dss
-Yolk sac infection
-Navel ill

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3
Q

Infection of umbilical stump

A

Omphalitis

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4
Q

Causes increased mortality in the first 2 weeks after hatching

A

Omphalitis

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5
Q

Swelling, edema, redness, abscess action of navel

A

Omphalitis

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6
Q

Signs include moist gangrene

A

Omphalitis

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7
Q

TX and prevention for Omphalitis

A
  1. No specific tx
  2. Careful control of temperature, humidity 3. Sanitation in the incubator of the hatchery
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8
Q

Salmonellosis organism

A
  1. S. pullorum
  2. S. gallinarum
  3. S. arizonae
  4. S. enteric subs. Enterica serovar gallinarum
  5. S. typhimurium
  6. S. enteritides
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9
Q

Bacillary white diarrhea/ Pullorum dss

A

S. pullorum

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10
Q

Fowl typhoid

A

Salmonella gallinarum

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11
Q

Paracolon infection

A

S. arizonae

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12
Q

Non host specific

A

S. typhimurium
S. enteritides

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13
Q

Salmonella enterica subs.

A

Enterica serovar Gallinarum

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14
Q

Salmonella virulence factors

A

EAT COFIE
1. Endotoxins
2. Capsules
3. Adhesions: Fimbrial; non-fimbrial
4. Type III secretion systems and effector molecules
5. Outer membrane proteins
6. Flagella
7. Enterotoxins
8. Iron capturing abilities

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15
Q

Salmonella post mortem lesion

A

-Enlarged mottled liver
-Un absorbed Yolk sac
-Congestion of duoxenum
- Foci in lungs
- Salphingitis
-Opthalmitis
-Pericardiis
-Perihepatitis

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16
Q

Post-mortem lesions

A
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17
Q

Salmonella tx

A

-Furazolidone 0.022% in feed
-Sulfonamides and nitrofurans

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18
Q

Strategies to prevent spreading salmonellosis

A

-Hygiene and disinfection
- Good rodent control program
-People: Must obey all biosecurity procedures imposed in the farm
-Feed ingredients: HACCP principles
- Reduce the spread of infection in hatcheries
-Useful vaccination programs for breeders or layers
-Use probiotics

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19
Q

Signs: white diarrhea, edema of tibiotarsal joints, greyish-white nodes in heart, military white nodules (heart)

A

Pullorum dss

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20
Q

Cause acute septicemia and death

A

Pullorum dss

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21
Q

High mortality (100%) in 2-3 weeks old chickens and turkeys

A

Pullorum dss

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22
Q

Vertical (transovarian) / horizontal

A

Pullorum dss

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23
Q

Signs:
Enlarged brown greenish tint of liver
Enteritis in anterior SI
Acute FT: brown lungs with sarcoma-like nodules
Chronic FT: Deformed pendulating ovarian follicles

A

Fowl typhoid

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24
Q

Fowl typhoid: brown lungs with sarcoma-like nodules

A

Acute FT

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25
Fowl typhoid: Deformed pendulating ovarian follicles
Chronic FT
26
Mucoid yellow diarrhea
Fowl typhoid
27
Sporadic mortality (10-90%) over a long period
Fowl typhoid
28
Occurs in growing and adult poultry
Fowl typhoid
29
Respiratory dss and depression
Fowl typhoid
30
Egg transmission may also occur
Fowl typhoid
31
Ulcerative Enteritis synonym
Quail dss
32
Ulcerative enteritis: etiologic agent
Clostridium colinum
33
Gram (+) Obligate Anaerobic bacteria
Ulcerative Enteritis: Clostridium colinum
34
Ulcerative enteritis: IP (infectious period?) Course of dss
IP: 1-3 days Course of dss: 5_10 days
35
Ulcerative enteritis: Broiler
2-5 week old Less dramatic in chickens (2-10% Mortality)
36
Ulcerative enteritis: Quail
Acute with high mortality (100%) Affected between 4 & 12 weeks
37
Ulcerative enteritis: Turkeys
Between 3 & 8 weeks of age
38
Ulcerative enteritis transmission
-Direct contact with carrier birds -Indirect contact with infected droppings, contaminated pens, feeds and water -Mechanical transmission
39
-extreme depression - emaciation - birds sit humped and eyes closed -watery droppings and streak urates -dull ruffled feathers -Anemia
Ulcerative enteritis
40
Dytrophic necrobiotic lesions of liver and spleen
Post mortem lesion of ulcerative enteritis
41
42
43
Deep button-like ulcers mainly in caeca
ulcerative enteritis
44
Yellow Foci and hemorrhagic bounderies
ulcerative enteritis
45
-Necrotic diphtheric membrane -inflammatory ulcerative and necrotic changes in intestinal mucosa
Ulcerative enteritis (post mortem)
46
Ulcerative enteritis diagnosis
Identification of the bacteria on histopathology samples, bacterial culture, or PCR
47
TX and prevention for ulcerative enteritis
-Bacitracin (220g/ton) in feed is used as a preventive in quail -Streptomycin (0.006%) and Furazolidone (0.02%) are effective tx - Maintain sanitation and biosecurity -Using acidifying litter tx
48
In TX and prevention in Ulcerative enteritis what is difficult to prevent in quail
Clean and disinfection New stock
49
Necrotic enteritis synonym
Enterotoxemia Rot gut
50
Necrotic enteritis: etiologic agent
Clostridium perfringens Type A and C
51
Gram (+), Obligate, Anaerobic bacteria
C. perfringens
52
Acute enterotoxemia
Necrotic enteritis
53
Necrotic enteritis: Broiler
2-5 weeks old
54
Necrotic enteritis: Turkey
7-12 weeks
55
Intestine and feces emit a fetix odor Dark blood stained feces, diarrhea Reduced feed consumption
Necrotic enteritis
56
Necrotic enteritis persist in flocks from
From 5-10 days Mortality rate: 2-50%
57
Necrotic enteritis signs
Sudden increase in mortality Depression, ruffled feathers, diarrhea Distention of SI Marked Congestion of liver
58
59
Cholangiohepatitis in broilers
Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion
60
Ballooned, friable with foul emitting brown fluid
Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion
61
Tan to yellow pseudomembrane
Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion
62
Gross lesion in SI: jejunum/ileum
Necrotic enteritis post mortem lesion
63
Necrotic enteritis diagnosis: presumptive
Gross lesion
64
Necrotic enteritis diagnosis
Mucosal scraping of large gram(+) rods
65
Necrotic enteritis tx
Antibiotic Treat an infected flock for coccidiosis Maintain effective sanitation and biosecurity Avoid contact with other poultry spp
66
67
Antibiotics for necrotic enteritis
Penicillin, Virginiamycin (20g/ton Bacitracin (50g/ton) Lincomycin (2g/ton)
68

Poultry Digestive (5 decks)

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