DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

The act of eating or feeding; mechanical breakdown of food into smaller peices

Answer 1

INGESTION

Question 2

Breakdwon of food into nutrient molecules small enougg to be Chemical digestion by enzymes involves breaking of chemical bonds through addition of water

Answer 2

DIGESTION

Question 3

Passage of digested nutrients and fluid across the tube wall and into the body fluids; cells take up (absorb) small molecules such as amino acids and simple sugars

Answer 3

ABSORPTION

Question 4

Expulsion of the undigested an unabsorbed materials from end of the gur

Answer 4

ELIMINATION

Question 5

Initial digestion, and mixed with saliva by the tongue

Answer 5

ORAL CAVITY

Question 6

What are the several components of saliva?

Answer 6

Enzymes (salivary amylase) , a buffer (bicarbonate), slippery glycoproteins (mucins) and anti microbial agents such as lysozyme

Question 7

The region in the back of the throat that serves as the entrance to the esophagus that connects the stomach and trachea that serves as airways to the lungs

Answer 7

PHARYNX

Question 8

A ring of smooth muscles that closs off a passageway or an opening to the body surface

Answer 8

SPHINCTER

Question 9

Connects the pharynx with the stomach.

- contractions within its muscular wall propel the food past a sphincter, into the stomach

Answer 9

ESOPHAGUS

Question 10

The rhythmic waves of contraction of the smooth muscle wall of the esophagus

Answer 10

PERISTALTIC CONTRACTIONS OR PERISTALSIS

Question 11

Muscular, stretchable sac located just below the diagphragm

Answer 11

STOMACH

Question 12

Combination of HCl and acid- stable proteases

- helps dissolve and degrade the food particularly proteins

Answer 12

GASTRIC JUICES

Question 13

What are the three regions of the small intestine?

Answer 13

Duodenum, jejunum and ileum

Question 14

Where most of enzymatic hydrolysis of the macromolecules from food occurs

Answer 14

SMALL INTESTINE

Question 15

Where the complete digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins occur

Answer 15

DUODENUM

Question 16

Where does absorption of the end products of digestion takes place?

Answer 16

Ileum

Question 17

Secretes bile for emulsifying fats

Answer 17

LIVER

Question 18

Stores bile produced by liver

Answer 18

GALL BLADDER

Question 19

Secretes enzymes that break down all major food molecules; secretes buffers against HCl from the stomach; secretes the hormone insulin for control of glucose metabolism

Answer 19

PANCREAS

Question 20

Concentrates and stores undigested matter by absorbing mineral ions and water

Answer 20

LARGE INTESTINE / COLON I

Question 21

What are absorbed in large intestines’ walls?

Answer 21

A small amount of fluid, sodium and vitamin K

Question 22

A short extension of the large intestine and is final segment of the digestive tract.
- where compacted undigested food from the colon are pushed

Answer 22

RECTUM

Question 23

Terminal opening of the digestive system through which feces are expelled

Answer 23

ANUS

Question 24

Also known as peptic ulcer
- is a localized area of erosion in the stomach lining, resulting in abdominal pain, possible bleeding and other gastrointestinal symptoms

Answer 24

GASTRIC ULCER

Question 25

What is the common causes gastric ulcer?

Answer 25

HELICOBACTER PYLORI ( H PYLORI ) BACTERIA

Question 26

Is a common condition that features a burning pain in the lower chest area

• also known as heartburn
• happens when stomach acid flows back up into the food pipe

Answer 26

ACID REFLUX

Question 27

• also called as acid indigestion

- is burning pain ir discomfort that can move from your stomach to the middle of your abdomen and chest.

Answer 27

HEARTBURN

Question 28

The sensation of acid backing up into your throat or mouth

- produce a sour or bitter taste

Answer 28

REGURGITATION

Question 29

General term for stomach discomfort

Answer 29

DYSPEPSIA