ANIMAL NUTRITION

Question 1

Unit of energy; indicates the amount of energy contained in food
- refers to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 C

Answer 1

CALORIE

Question 2

• A major source of energy for the cells

- contains 4 calories per gram

Answer 2

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 3

• Mainly use as building materials for cell structures and aa enzymes, hormones, parts of muscles and bones- contains 4 cal per gram

Answer 3

PROTEIN

Question 4

• Are used to build cell membranes; steroid hormones and other cellular structures
• also used to insulate nervous tissue
• contains 9 cal per gran

Answer 4

FATS

Question 5

• Include substances that animals can only get from the foods they eat because they could not be synthesized inside the body

Answer 5

ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS

Question 6

Used for making special membrane lipids; an example is linoleic acid in humans

Answer 6

ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID

Question 7

Needed for synthesis of proteins and enzymes lysine, tryptophan, a threonine, methionine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine and valine

Answer 7

ESSENTIAL AMINO ACID

Question 8

Organic molecules required in small amounts for normal metabolism
- examples include fat- soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K and water soluble vitamins B, B2,B3,B12, C

Answer 8

VITAMINS

Question 9

Inorganic nutrients needed by the body in minute amounts; these form oatg of the enzymes, body tissues and body fluids
- examples are iodine, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, selenium

Answer 9

TRACE ELEMENTS OR MINERALS

Question 10

They live in or on their food source

Answer 10

SUBSTRATE FEEDRES

Question 11

Include many aquatic animals which draw in water and strain small organisms and food particles present in the medium

Answer 11

FILTER-FEEDERS

Question 12

Suck fluids containing nutrients from a living host

Answer 12

FLUID-FEEDERS

Question 13

Eat relatively large chunks of food and have adaptations like jaws, teeth, tentacles, claws, pincers, etc, that help in securing the food tearing it to peices

Answer 13

BULK- FEEDERS

Question 14

They fuse with lysosomes that contain hydrolyctic enzymes

Answer 14

FOOD VACOULES IN UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS

Question 15

Composed of a single through which food is taken in and where wastes are disposed of; it is a saclike body cavity

Answer 15

GASTROVASCULAR CAVITY / INCOMPLETE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Question 16

Essentially like a tube with an opening at one end for taking in food ( mouth ) and an opening at the other end where unabsorbed waste materials are eliminated

Answer 16

COMPLETE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM