Digestive System

Question 1

What is the purpose of the Digestive system?

Answer 1

this organ system that takes in food, digests it into nutrients to be absorbed into bloodstream and excretes the remaining waste.

Question 2

How does the mouth mechanically digest the food?

Answer 2

Using the teeth to physically break up food into smaller pieces and tongue to move food around mouth.

Question 3

How does the mouth chemically digest the food?

Answer 3

It uses Saliva (water and enzymes) to chemically soften & break down the food.

Question 4

Describe the esophagus

Answer 4

A muscular tube that passes food to the stomach by peristalsis.

Question 5

What is heartburn?

Answer 5

a burning sensation in the chest, caused by acid splashing up into the esophagus and irritating it because it has no protection (mucus) against the acid.

Question 6

What is a stomach ulcer?

Answer 6

a sore/hole in the lining of the stomach, caused by the mucous membrane deteriorating (mucous erosion) letting acid burn the lining of stomach

Question 7

How does the stomach digest food?

Answer 7

Mechanically by churning food by contracting muscle to physically break up food.
Chemically by stomach lining producing acids & enzymes

Question 8

How does the stomach protect itself from it’s own acid?

Answer 8

The lining produces mucous

Question 9

What is the structure of the small intestine?

Answer 9

A long/skinny (6-8m) muscular tube with villi (finger like projections)

Question 10

What is the purpose of the villi in the small intestine?

Answer 10

to increase surface area to allow more area for nutrients to diffuse through wall of intestine into the capillaries

Question 11

What are accessory organs? Name 3

Answer 11

Organs that supply digestive enzymes to small intestine to further digest food into nutrients.
Liver, Gall bladder and Pancreas

Question 12

What is the function of the liver in the digestive system?

Answer 12

to produce bile to aid in digestion of food into nutrients

Question 13

What is the function of the gall bladder in the digestive system?

Answer 13

Stores bile that liver makes & gives to Small intestine to digest food into nutrients for body

Question 14

What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

Answer 14

neutralizes acid going into small intestine to avoid irritation of intestine from acid.

Question 15

What is the order of the digestive tract?

Answer 15

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus

Question 16

What is the structure of the large intestine?

Answer 16

Short/fat (1.5m) muscular tube

Question 17

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 17

to absorb nutrients into the bloodstream (specifically the capillaries)

Question 18

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 18

The lining absorbs water from the indigestible food to kidneys.
The remaining solid matter is packed and excreted as feces from the anus.

Question 19

What is saliva made up of?

Answer 19

Water and enzymes

Question 20

What is the process that allows a person to eat upside down, but still push food to the stomach?

Answer 20

Peristalsis

Question 21

What is peristalsis?

Answer 21

a series of muscle contractions that pushes food in one direction (like squeezing out tooth paste)

Question 22

What is the structure of the stomach?

Answer 22

A muscular sack