Cell Theory & Cell Organelles Flashcards
Learning Target #1
What are the 3 parts to the cell theory?
- All living things are made up of one or more cells.
- The cell is the simplest unit that can carry out all life processes.
- All cells come from other cells; they do not come from non-living matter.
What is a Prokaryote?
Single celled life forms
Have NO nucleus.
Simple organisms Ex. Bacteria like E. Coli
What is a Eukaryote?
May be single-celled or multi-celled organisms
HAVE a nucleus & membrane bound organelles
More complex organisms Ex. Amoeba, animals
What are the 2 cell categories that cells can be classified into?
prokaryotes or eukaryotes
What life processes do all cells need to do to maintain life?
- Grow/reproduce
- Repair
- Obtain nutrients for energy
- Remove waste
- Respond to the surrounding environment
What is an organelle?
a membrane bound structure within a cell that has a specific function that works together with other organelles to meet the life needs of the cell.
Name 3 organelles that are plant cells have that are different or that animal cells do not have.
- Cell wall
- Chloroplast
- One large vacuole (opposed to many small vacuoles)
Do eukaroytes have a nucleus?
yes
Do prokaroytes have a nucleus?
no
What is biology
The study of life
Is a eukaryote a membrane bound organelle?
yes
Which are larger; Eukaryotas or prokaryotes?
Eukaryotes
True or False; All living things are made up of one or more cells?
True
True or False; All cells come from non-living matter?
False: All cells come from other cells; they do not come from non-living matter.
True or False; A cell is the most complicated unit in your body?
False: The cell is the simplest unit that can carry out all life processes.
What is the function of the Cytoplasm?
The substance made mostly of water, that organelles within the cell are suspended in. The may also contain other substances such as proteins, salts, etc.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Provides support and allows some substances (ie. water, oxygen) to enter or leave the cell.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Contains DNA, which is genetic information (instructions) about how to control the cell.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Convert stored energy (glucose) into usable energy. Cells that are very active (i.e. muscle cells) have lots of mitochondria, while less active cells (i.e. fat cells) only have one or two mitochondria.
What is the function of the vacuoles?
A fluid filled sac that contains holds substances and water. Plants only have one central vacuole, whereas animals have many small vacuoles.
What is the function of the cell wall?
The outside membrane of a plant cell that provides support and protection from physical injury. ONLY present in plant cells.
What is the function of the chloroplasts?
Give the leaves the green colour and uses chlorophyll to turn light into energy (glucose). ONLY present in plants.
