Digestive System

Question 1

Digestive System Process

Answer 1

breaking down food into usable nutrients for absorption

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

monosacharides

Question 3

lipids

Answer 3

glycerol + fatty acids

Question 4

Digestion

Answer 4

• mechanical “chewing”
• chemical use of enzymes (further breakdown into monomers (building blocks)

Question 5

Alimentary canal

Answer 5

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small + large intestine, rectum and anus

Question 6

Accessories organ

Answer 6

liver, pancreas, gall bladder, salivary glands

Question 7

Mucosa membrane

Answer 7

• made up of epithelial + connective tissue
• some areas are folded to increase surface area
• have goblet cells

Question 8

Goblet cells

Answer 8

secrete mucous

Question 9

Submucosa

Answer 9

• made up of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves + glands
• carry away absorbed materials

Question 10

muscularis

Answer 10

• made up of longitudinal + circular muscles
• peristalis (wave-like motion to move food)

Question 11

serosa/viseral peritonium

Answer 11

• excrete any fluid + helps lubricate canal

Question 12

dentition

Answer 12

study of teeth

Question 13

baby teeth (decidious teeth)

Answer 13

appear at 6 months; 20 teeth

Question 14

permanent teeth

Answer 14

32 teeth

Question 15

mastication

Answer 15

chewing

Question 16

salivary glands

Answer 16

3 total; job is to manufacture saliva; amount increases w/ more you ingest; contains salivary amylase (enzyme)

Question 17

pharnyx

Answer 17

• throat region
• connects mouth w/ esophagus

Question 18

esophagus

Answer 18

• food table; responsible for beginning peristalis
• found next to trachea
• wave like contractions due to muscularis layer in anal

Question 19

GERD

Answer 19

gastroesophageal reflux disorder “heartburn”

Question 20

stomach

Answer 20

• pouch-like organ
• doesn’t absorb; does breakdown food

Question 21

rugae

Answer 21

• originates from mucosa
• increases surface area

Question 22

bile

Answer 22

• stored in gall bladder
• contains salts, electrolytes, cholesterol, bilirubin
• high bilirubin = jaundice

Question 23

Pancreas

Answer 23

• both endocrine + exocrine gland
  -exocrine gland secretes pancreatic juice
• situated by small intestines; by spleen
• pancreatic juice helps to digest carbs, proteins, fats, nucleic acids

Question 24

liver

Answer 24

• 4 lobes: right,, left, caudate, quadrate