Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
Digestive System Process
A
breaking down food into usable nutrients for absorption
2
Q
Carbohydrates
A
monosacharides
3
Q
lipids
A
glycerol + fatty acids
4
Q
Digestion
A
- mechanical “chewing”
- chemical use of enzymes (further breakdown into monomers (building blocks)
5
Q
Alimentary canal
A
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small + large intestine, rectum and anus
6
Q
Accessories organ
A
liver, pancreas, gall bladder, salivary glands
7
Q
Mucosa membrane
A
- made up of epithelial + connective tissue
- some areas are folded to increase surface area
- have goblet cells
8
Q
Goblet cells
A
secrete mucous
9
Q
Submucosa
A
- made up of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves + glands
- carry away absorbed materials
10
Q
muscularis
A
- made up of longitudinal + circular muscles
- peristalis (wave-like motion to move food)
11
Q
serosa/viseral peritonium
A
- excrete any fluid + helps lubricate canal
12
Q
dentition
A
study of teeth
13
Q
baby teeth (decidious teeth)
A
appear at 6 months; 20 teeth
14
Q
permanent teeth
A
32 teeth
15
Q
mastication
A
chewing
16
Q
salivary glands
A
3 total; job is to manufacture saliva; amount increases w/ more you ingest; contains salivary amylase (enzyme)
17
Q
pharnyx
A
- throat region
- connects mouth w/ esophagus
18
Q
esophagus
A
- food table; responsible for beginning peristalis
- found next to trachea
- wave like contractions due to muscularis layer in anal
19
Q
GERD
A
gastroesophageal reflux disorder “heartburn”
20
Q
stomach
A
- pouch-like organ
- doesn’t absorb; does breakdown food
21
Q
rugae
A
- originates from mucosa
- increases surface area
22
Q
bile
A
- stored in gall bladder
- contains salts, electrolytes, cholesterol, bilirubin
- high bilirubin = jaundice
23
Q
Pancreas
A
- both endocrine + exocrine gland
-exocrine gland secretes pancreatic juice - situated by small intestines; by spleen
- pancreatic juice helps to digest carbs, proteins, fats, nucleic acids
24
Q
liver
A
- 4 lobes: right,, left, caudate, quadrate
