Digestive System Flashcards
what are the primary organs in the digestive system?
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
what are the accessory organs in the digestive system?
tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder
what is in the buccal cavity?
the mouth
what are the different parts of the large intestine?
cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal
what are the 3 parts of the small intestine?
the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum
where are nutrients absorbed in the digestive tract?
the small intestine
what is chyme?
food after it is mixed with stomach acids
what is a bolus?
food after it’s been chewed
what are the 2 functions of the digestive system?
to breakdown food and eliminate waste
the digestive system is also called the ___________ canal
alimentary
what is the substance that is produced by the liver and aids in the digestion of fat called?
bile
what disorder causes abdominal pain and nausea after eating a meal high in fat?
cholelithiasis
the spread of which disorder characterized by nausea , vomiting , and diarrhea could be prevented by practicing good hand washing?
gastroenteritis
which digestive organ is responsible for the elimination of waste?
the large intestine
which digestive disorder could occur if a person abuses alcohol or Tylenol?
cirrhosis
how is chyme different than a bolus?
chyme is a liquid
digestion of carbohydrates , fats , and proteins is completed and absorption of nutrients occurs in what digestive organ?
the small intestine
a diabetic patient has a wound infection that is healing slowly and may be started on a diet high in what nutrient?
protein
what disease spreads through contaminated food and water?
hepatitis A
what is peristalsis?
the process of food moving forward through the digestive system
what disorder can cause jaundice
gallstones in the bile duct
what organ is a small muscular sac that secretes bile and is located in the upper right quadrant?
the gallbladder
what is the muscle between the esophagus and stomach that keeps food from going back up into the esophagus called?
the cardiac sphincter
what is the process in which broken down food moves through the intestine into the blood and lymph?
absorption
what is the medical term that means inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the stomach and intestines?
gastroenteritis
what is it called when small amounts of acid regurgitate into the esophagus?
heartburn
eating proper foods such as cereal, fruits, vegetables and drinking plenty of liquids can help avoid what disorder?
constipation
what is the first part of the small intestine called?
the duodenum
what is the middle part of the small intestine called?
the jejunum
what is the last part of the small intestine?
the ileum
what is the part of the body that separates the mouth from the nasal cavity?
the palate
What is the external opening of the large intestines?
the anus
food moves from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach by passing through which digestive organ?
the esophagus
what are the glands which secrete a watery fluid in the mouth?
the salivary glands
what is the muscular organ that aids with chewing and swallowing of food?
the tongue
what is the semi-solid mixture of food and gastric juices in the stomach called?
chyme
which part of the small intestines receives bile from the gall bladder and liver?
the duodenum
what is the surgical removal of the gallbladder called?
a cholecystectomy
what digestive disorder can cause pain in the back between the shoulder blades?
cholecystitis
it is recommended that all healthcare workers be vaccinated for which disorder?
hepatitis
what feather-shaped digestive organ secretes enzymes to breakdown food?
the pancreas
what organ is located between the stomach and the large intestines?
the small intestine
When will Cathy’s stomach be empty if she last ate at 9 am?
noon/12pm
what is an ulcer?
a hole in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum
where does the physical breakdown of food occur?
the mouth
what organ detoxifies alcohol and some drugs?
the liver
what is the largest organ of the body?
the liver
