digestive system :) Flashcards
(132 cards)
1
Q
anus, ring
A
an/o
2
Q
bile, gall
A
chol/e
3
Q
gallbladder
A
cholecyst/o
4
Q
colon, large intestine
A
col/o, colon/o
5
Q
vomiting
A
-emesis
6
Q
small intestine
A
enter/o
7
Q
esophagus
A
esophag/o
8
Q
stomach , belly
A
gastr/o
9
Q
liver
A
hepat/o
10
Q
presence of stones
A
-lithiasis
11
Q
digest, digestion
A
-pepsoa
12
Q
eating, swallowing
A
-phagia
13
Q
anus and rectum
A
proct/o
14
Q
rectum, straight
A
rect/o
15
Q
sigmoid colon
A
sigmoid/ o
16
Q
the swallowing of air, whether deliberately to stimulate belching, accidentally, or as an involuntary habit
A
aerophagia
17
Q
a connection or opening between two things that are normally diverging or branching, such as between blood vessels, leaf veins, or streams
A
anastomosis
18
Q
a distorted body image, with an unwarranted fear of being overweight, symptoms include trying to maintain a below-normal weight through starvation or too much exercise
A
anorexia nervosa
19
Q
a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea
A
antiemetic
20
Q
a small, shallow sore inside the mouth or at the base of the gums
A
aphthous
21
Q
the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling
A
ascites
22
Q
the branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of obesity
A
bariatrics
23
Q
a rumbling or gurgling noise made by the movement of fluid and gas inside the intestines
A
borborygmus
24
Q
an eating disorder in which a large quantity of food is consumed in a short period of time, often followed by feelings of guilt of shame ( throw up after)
A
bulimia nervosa
25
wasting syndrome that leads to loss of skeletal muscle and fat
cachexia
26
an immune reaction to eating gluten
celiac disease
27
an inflammatory condition that uses cracking, crusting, and scaling of the corners of the mouth
cheilosis
28
x-ray examination of the bile ducts, used to locate and identify an obstruction
cholangiography
29
an inflammation of the bile duct system
cholangitis
30
surgical procedure to remove your gallbladder
cholecystectomy
31
when the gallbladder is inflamed
cholecystitis
32
the removal of the gallstone from the bile duct in a case of choledocholithiasis
choledocholithotomy
33
hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in your gallbladder
cholelithasis
34
late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism
cirrhosis
35
an exam used to look for changes-such as swollen, irritated tissues, polyps or cancer- in the large intestine (colon) and rectum
colonoscopy
36
a surgical operation in which a piece of the colon is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of the colon
colostomy
37
a type of inflammatory bowel disease; causes swelling in the digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain, fatigue, weight loss, and malnutrition
crohn's disease
38
when the diverticulosis pouches become inflamed or infected
diverticulitis
39
when small, bulging pouches (diverticula) develop in your digestive tract
diverticulosis
40
recurring symptoms of an upset stomach that have no obvious cause
dyspepsia
41
difficulty swallowing
dysphagia
42
inflammation of your small intestine
enteritis
43
the release of air or gas from the stomach or esophagus through the mouth (burp)
eructation
44
enlarged veins in the esophagus
esophageal varices
45
a procedure that allows the doctor to examine the inside of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
46
the stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus)
gastroesophageal
47
inserted through the wall of the abdomen directly into the stomach; allows fluid to leave the stomach and can be used to give drugs and liquids, including liquid food, to the patient
gastrostomy
48
very dangerous condition in which a person bleed internally, and vomits as a result
hematemesis
49
test blood in the feces
hemoccult test
50
inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
51
which hepatitis doesn't have a vaccine?
hep c
52
a rash of the skin and mucous membranes ( in particular, the lips) and is characterized by erythema and blisters are preceded and accomplished by burning pain
herpes labialis
53
the upper part of your stomach bulges through the large muscle separating your abdomen and chest ( diaphragm)
hiatal hernia
54
excessive nausea and vomiting
hyperemesis
55
temporary lack of the normal contractions of the intestines
ileus
56
tissue, such as the intestine, protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles
inguinal hernia
57
the skin, whites of the eyes and mucous membrane turn yellow because of a high level of bilirubin, a yellow-orange bile pigment
jaundice
58
thick ,white patches on the inside surface of your mouth
leukoplakia
59
dark, sticky feces containing partly digested food
melena
60
complex chronic disease in which a person has a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher of a BMI of 35 or higher and is experiencing obesity-related health conditions
morbid obesity
61
medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube (nasogastric tube or NG tube) through the nose, down the esophagus, and down into the stomach
nasogastric intubation
62
a body index of 30 or higher
obesity
63
surgical procedure used to correct or reconstruct the palate of a person with cleft palate
palatoplasty
64
sore on the lining of your stomach, small intestine or esophagus
peptic ulcers
65
the involuntary movement and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward
peristalsis
66
an extra piece of tissue that grows inside your body
polyp
67
the branch of medicine concerned with the anus and rectum
protologist
68
the action of bringing swallowed food up again to the mouth (vomiting)
regurgitation
69
an infection with a bacteria called salmonella (common bacterial disease that affects the intestinal tract
salmonella
70
a diagnostic test used to check the sigmoid colon
sigmoidoscopy
71
inflammation and redness of the oral mucosa that can lead to pain and difficulty talking, eating, and sleeping
stomatitis
72
muscle spasms in your temporomandibular joint
trismus
73
inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in your digestive tract
ulcerative colitis
74
a loop of intestine twists around itself and mesentery that supplies it, causing a bowel obstruction
volvulus
75
the salivary glands in your mouth don't make enough saliva to keep your mouth wet
xerostomia
76
labia
lips
77
upper gi tract
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach
78
lower gi tract
small + large intestine, and anus and rectum
79
anterior portion of the palate
hard palate
80
irregular ridges or folds in the mucous membrane
rugae
81
flexible posterior portion of the palate
soft palate
82
upper surface of the tongue
dorsum
83
taste buds
papillae
84
gums
gingiva
85
upper jaw
maxillary arch
86
lower jaw
mandibular arch
87
on the inside of the cheek near the upper molers
parotid glands
88
located on floor of the mouth and under tongue
sublingual glands
89
located on the floor the mouth near the mandible
submandibular glands
90
swallowing
deglutiton
91
muscular ring between the esophagus and the stomach
cardiac sphincter
92
ring like muscle at the base of the stomach that controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the duodenum of the small intestine
pyloric sphincter
93
last and largest part of the small intestine, extends from the jejunum to the cecum of the large intestine
ileum
94
pouch that lies on the right side of the abdomen
cecum
95
a sphincter muscle situated at the junction of the ileum (last portion of your small intestine) and the colon (first portion of your large intestine); allows digested food materials to pass from the small intestine into your large intestine.
ileocecal sphincter
96
a narrow, worm-shaped structure that protrudes from the posteromedial aspect of the cecum, 2 cm (or less) below the insertion of the ileum into the cecum
vermiform appendix
97
located in the digestive tract between the end of the small intestine and the second part of the colon, the transverse colon
ascending colon
98
a segment of the large intestine that passes horizontally across the abdomen and sits beneath other organs in the abdominal cavity
transverse colon
99
section of the large intestine; responsible for storing the remains of digested food before they pass through the rest of the colon and rectum for elimination
descending colon
100
the s-shaped section of the colon that connects to the rectum
sigmoid colon
101
anus and rectum as a single unit
anorectal
102
an involuntary smooth muscle sphincter located at the distal extremity of the gastrointestinal (gi) tract
internal anal sphincter
103
a layer of voluntary (striated) muscle encircling the outside wall of the anal canal and anal opening
external anal sphincter
104
a tube that carries bile from the liver
common hepatic duct
105
connects the gallbladder to the extrahepatic bile duct
cystic duct
106
a small, tube-like structure formed where the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct join
common bile duct
107
a duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct
pancreatic duct
108
tiny hair-like projections that line the inside of the small intestine ; they contain blood vessels and help absorb nutrients.
villi
109
building up body cells and substances from nutrients
anabolism
110
breaking down of cells or substances, releasing energy and carbon dioxide
catabolism
111
chewing
mastication
112
food that has already been chewed and ready to swallow
bolus
113
a series of normal coordinated, rhythmic muscle contractions, that occurs automatically to move food through the digestive tract
peristalis
114
digestive glands in your stomach lining produce stomach acid and enzymes, which mix with the food to form a murky semifluid mass or paste
chyme
115
the breakdown of fat globules in the duodenum into small droplets creating a larger area where the pancreatic lipase enzyme can work to digest the fat into fatty acids and glycerol
emulsification
116
passing gas
flatulence
117
a deep grove of the lip running upward to the nose
cleft lip
118
failure of the palate to close during the early development of fetus
cleft palate
119
grinding of teeth
bruxism
120
ulcers in the stomach
gastric ulcers
121
ulcers in the upper part of the small intestine
duodental ulcers
122
an intestinal disorder causing pain in the belly, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.
ibs
123
a germ (bacterium) that causes diarrhea and colitis (an inflammation of the colon)
c diff
124
what is an example of an antacid?
tums
125
a highly contagious liver infection; spreads from contaminated food or water, or contact with someone who is infected
hep a
126
commonly spread by exposure to infected body fluids; yellowing of the eyes, abdominal pain, and dark urine
hep b
127
a virus that attacks the liver and leads to inflammation;
the virus is spread by contact with contaminated blood; fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, and yellowing of the eyes and skin, does not have a vaccine
hep c
128
who recieves antiemetics?
before surgery, pregnancy, chemo
129
type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea
oral rehydration therapy
130
who can't recieve oral rehydration therapy and how they become hydrated?
patients that are vomitting, and they use iv
131
operations to correct diseases, injuries and defects of your face, jaw or mouth
maxillofacial surgery
132
makes stomach smaller by stapling a section to create a small pouch
gastric bypass
