allied health chapter 2 ;) Flashcards
terms used to describe the location of body planes, directions and cavities
anatomic reference system
the cells, tissues and glands that form the body system that work together to enable the body to function properly
structures of the body
the genetic components that transfer characteristics from parents to their child
genetics
the genetic components that transfer characteristics from parents to their child
genetics
a group of similarly specialized cells that work together to perform specific functions
tissues
a group specialized cells that is capable of producing secretions
glands
gland
aden/o
fat
adip/o
before/ front
anter/o
lower part of the body, tail
caud/o
head
cephal/o
cell
cyt/o, cyte
in, within, inside
end, endo
out of, outside, away from
exo
tissue
hist/o
specialist
-ologist
the science or study of
-ology
disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
path/o, -pathy
development, growth, formation
plas/i, plas/o, -plasia
behind, towards the back
poster/ o
control, maintenance of a constant level
-stasis, -static
largest hollow of the body; stomach, large and small intentine
abdominal cavity
surgical removal of the adenoid glands
adenectomy
cancer that forms in the glandular tissue, which lines certain internal organs and makes and releases substances in the body, such as mucus, digestive juices, and other fluids
adenocarcinoma
a tumor that is not cancer
adenoma
abnormal softening of a gland
adenomalacia
the hardening of a gland
adenosclerosis
the loss of the mature of specialized features of a cell of tissue, as in malignant tumors
anaplasia
the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts
anatomy
any sort of deformity of distortion that makes a part of the body function incorrectly or be a different size or shape than it would be normally
anomaly
the front of a structure, or a structure found toward the front of the body
anterior
an organ, tissue or body part that didn’t develop properly
aplasia
microorganisms that are transmitted through the bloodstream
bloodborne transmission
-away from the head, lower
caudal
“head” or “head end of the body”
cephalic
a linear strand of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of hereditary information.
chromosome
infectious diseases or transmissible diseases
communicable disease
birth defect
congenital disorder
the fluid inside a cell but outside the cell’s nucleus
cytoplasm
a part of the body that is farther away from the center of the body than another part
distal
-back, spinal and cranial cavity
dorsal
a term used to describe the presence of abnormal cells within a tissue or organ
dysplasia
a disease that is constantly present in a certain geographic area or in a certain group of people
endemic
a gland that secretes a substance (a hormone) into the bloodstream.
endocrine glands
an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area
epidemic
lying upon or over the stomach
epigastric region
the cause or origin of a disease
etiology
a gland (as a sweat gland, a salivary gland, or a kidney) that releases a secretion external to or at the surface of an organ by means of a canal or duct
exocrine glands
a physical disorder in which the symptoms have no known or detectable organic basis but are believed to be the result of psychological factors such as emotional conflicts or stress
functional disorder
a disease caused in whole or in part by a change in the DNA sequence away from the normal sequence
genetic disorder
prevent and manage illnesses and develop care plans that address the special health problems of older adults
geriatrician
an inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly
hemophilia
the study of tissues and cells under a microscope
histology
a state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and function correctly
homeostasis
an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue
hyperplasia
an increase in the size of an organ, structure, or the body due to growth rather than tumor formation
hypertrophy
of or relating to the lower median abdominal region
hypogastric region
a condition of arrested development in which an organ or part remains below the normal size or in an immature state
hypoplasia
the result of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures undertaken on a patient
iatrogenic illness
a disease of unknown cause
idiopathic disorder
of, relating to, or situated in the region of the groin
inguinal
toward the middle or center
medial
a fold of membrane that attaches the intestine to the abdominal wall and holds it in place
mesentery
a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of the body or part of the body, dividing it into right and left parts
midsagittal plane
infection(s) acquired during the process of receiving health care that was not present during the time of admission
nosocominal infection
disease affects the global population
pandemic
a funnel-shaped space surrounded by pelvic bones
pelvic cavity
the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity
peritoneum
inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall and covering the abdominal organs.
peritonitis
an inherited disorder that causes a build-up of phenylalanine (an amino acid) in the blood
phenylketonuria
the science of life
physiology
the back of a structure, or a structure found toward the back of the body
posterior
a part of the body that is closer to the center of the body than another part
proximal
having to do with the area outside or behind the peritoneum
retroperitoneal
a cell from which other types of cells develop
stem cells
the second largest hollow space of the body, heart lungs, esophagus
thoracic cavity
the depression in the center of the surface of the abdomen indicating the point of attachment of the umbilical cord to the embryo; navel
transverse plane
disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding anthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas
vector-borne transmission
the front of the body
ventral
