Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

allied health ;) > cardiovascular system :) > Flashcards

cardiovascular system :) Flashcards

1
Q

what does the cardio system work hand and hand with?

A

the brain and the respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is the heart more deviated?

A

left of the chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sac that is a doubled walled membranous sac that encloses the heart

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fiborous sac that surrounds and protects the heart

A

parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the innermost layer pericardium that also forms the outer layer of the heart

A

visceral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

in between the visceral and parietal there is this fluid that acts like a lubricant to prevent friction as the heart beats

A

pericardial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lower pointy part of the heart

A

apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how many layers are in the heart?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the layers of the heart?

A

endocardium, epicardium, myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

outer most layer of the heart

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

outer most layer of the heart

A

epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

biggest part of the heart muscle
-contraction and relaxation
-if anything happens to this muscle, it leads to a heart attack

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what brings blood to the heart?

A

coronary arteries
-oxygen rich blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does the coronary veins do?

A

takes away the waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  • the right side is larger than the left
    -the two upper chambers
A

atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the two lower chambers

A

ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

between the left atrium and the left ventricle

A

mitral valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

medications that help relax the veins and arteries to lower blood pressure

A

ace inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

a condition in which the blood does not have enough healthy red blood cells

A

anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

an abnormal bulge or ballooning in the wall of a blood vessel

A

aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart

A

angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

surgical repair or unblocking of a blood vessel, especially a coronary artery

A

angioplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

having the effect of retarding or inhibiting the coagulation of the blood

A

anticoagulant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

a condition that occurs when your body stops producing enough new blood cells

A

aplastic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

a problem with the rate or rhythm of your heartbeat

A

arrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

a catheter-based procedure used to remove plaque build up in the arteries

A

atherectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

degeneration of the walls of the arteries caused by accumulated fatty deposits and scar tissue, and leading to restriction of the circulation and a risk of thrombosis

A

atheroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and one the artery walls

A

atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

an irregular and often very rapid heart rhythm (arrhythmia) that can lead to blood clots in the heart

A

artrial fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

analyze the heart rhythm and deliver an electric shock to victims of ventricular fibrillation to restore the heart rhythm to normal

A

automated external defibrillator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

decreases the activity of the heart

A

beta-blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

an imbalance of body fluids (blood bile, lymph, and phlegm)

A

body dyscrasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

slow heart rate

A

bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops pumping

A

cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

a thin, flexible tube (catheter) is guided through a blood vessel to the heart to diagnose or treat certain heart conditions, such as clogged arteries or irregular heartbeats

A

cardiac catheterization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body

A

cardiomyopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

a surgical procedure to remove a build up of fatty deposits (plaque) which cause narrowing of a caratiod artery

A

carotid endarterectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

a waxy, fat-like substance made by your liver

A

cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

when your leg veins don’t allow blood flow back up to your heart

A

chronic venous insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

a blockage of the flow of blood to the heart, caused by a blood clot in a coronary artery

A

coronary thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

the stopping of fibrillation of the heart by administrating a controlled electric shock in order to allow restoration of the normal rhythm

A

defibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

help rid your body of salt and water

A

diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

records the electrical signal from the heart to check different heart conditions

A

electrocardiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

obstruction of an artery, typically by a clot of blood or an air bubble

A

embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

a blood clot, air bubble, piece of fatty deposit, or other object which has been carried in the bloodstream to lodge in a vessel and cause an embolism

A

embolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

a life-threatening inflammation of the inner lining of the heart’s chambers and valves

A

endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

a type of blood cell that made in the bone marrow and found in the blood

A

erythrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen to your body’s organs and tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs

A

hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

a disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made

A

hemolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

the stopping of a flow of blood

A

hemostatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

coronary artery disease or “hardening of the arteries”

A

ischemic heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

a broad term for cancers of the blood cells

A

leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood and lymph tissue

A

leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

a condition where the body doesn’t have enough disease-fighting leukocytes in the blood

A

leukopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

a form of anemia characterized by very large blood cells and a decrease in the number of those cells

A

megaloblastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

a group of cancers in which immature blood cells in the bone marrow do not mature or become healthy blood cells

A

myelodysplastic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

heart attack

A

myocardial infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

a form of low blood pressure that can happen when standing after sitting or lying down

A

orthostatic hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

a type of vitamin b12 anemia

A

pernicious anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

an inflammation that causes a blood clot to form in a vein, usually your leg

A

phlebitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

causes some areas of the body, such as fingers and toes, to feel numb and cold in response to cold temperature or stress

A

raynaud’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

the clinical name for blood poisoning by bacteria

A

septicemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

the hemoglobin is abnormal, which causes the red blood cells to become hard and sticky and look like a c-shaped

A

sickle cell anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

heart rate over 100 beats a minute

A

tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

where the arteries, particularly those at the side of the head (temples) become inflamed

A

temporal arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

an imaging test that indicates how well blood flows into your heart while you’re exercising or at rest

A

thallium stress test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

a condition in which you have a low blood platelet count

A

thromocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

“clot-busting” drugs that break up and dissolve blood clots that get in the way of your blood flow

A

thromobolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

local coagulation or clotting of the blood in a part of the circulatory system

A

thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

result from the formation of a thrombus within, surrounding, or at the tip of the catheter

A

thromobotic occulsion

73
Q

a blood clot formed in situ within the vasucular system of the body and impeding blood flow

A

thrombus

74
Q

adverse events associated with the transfusion of whole blood or one of its components

A

transfusion reaction

75
Q

inflammation of the valves of the heart

A

valvulitis

76
Q

twisted, enlarged veins

A

varicose veins

77
Q

a type of irregular heart rhythm, lower heart chambers contract in a very rapid and uncoordinated manner

A

ventricular fibrillation

78
Q

doubled walled membranous sac that encloses the heart

A

pericardium

79
Q

fibrous sac that surrounds and protects the heart

A

parietal pericarduim

80
Q

lubricant to prevent friction as the heart beats

A

pericardial fluid

81
Q

inner layer of the pericardium that also forms the outer layer of the heart

A

visceral pericardium

82
Q

supply oxygen rich blood to the myocardium

A

coronary arteries

83
Q

receiving chambers

A

atria

84
Q

pump blood to the entire body

A

ventricles

85
Q

controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

86
Q

located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary valve

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

87
Q

located between the left atrium and left ventricle

A

mitral valve

88
Q

located between the left ventricle and the aorta

A

aortic semilunar valve

89
Q

located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava, establishes the basic rhythm and rate of the heartbeat, natural pacemaker, contraction of the heart

A

sa node

90
Q

located on the floor of the right atrium near the inter atrial septum, transmits the electrical impulses onward to the bundle of his

A

av node

91
Q

group of fibers located within the inter ventricular septum, carry electrical impulse to ensure the sequence of the heart contractions

A

bundle of his

92
Q

specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles, cause ventricles to contract

A

perkinje fibers

93
Q

contraction of the atria

A

p wave

94
Q

stimulation of the ventricles

A

qrs complex

95
Q

relaxation of the ventricles

A

t wave

96
Q

large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body

A

arteries

97
Q

bright red blood because it is oxygen rich

A

arterial blood

98
Q

largest blood vessel in the body

A

aorta

99
Q

major arteries that carry blood upward to the head

A

carotid arteries

100
Q

located on each side of the neck

A

common carotid artery

101
Q

brings oxygen rich blood to the brain

A

internal carotid artery

102
Q

brings blood to the face

A

external carotid artery

103
Q

smaller, thinner branches of arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries

A

arterioles

104
Q

form networks of expanded vascular beds that have the important role of delivering oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the tissues, slow the blood flow down to allow plasma to flow into the tissues

A

capillaries

105
Q

located near the body surface

A

superficial veins

106
Q

located within the tissues and away from the body surface

A

deep veins

107
Q

two largest veins in the body, return blood to the heart

A

venae cavae

108
Q

transports blood from the upper portion of the body to the heart

A

superior vena cava

109
Q

transports blood from the lower portion of the body to the heart

A

inferior vena cava

110
Q

rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by contraction of the heart

A

pulse

111
Q

measurement of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries

A

blood pressure

112
Q

when the ventricles contract, highest pressure against the walls of an artery

A

systolic pressure

113
Q

when the ventricles are relaxed, lowest pressure against the walls of an artery

A

diastolic pressure

114
Q

straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products

A

plasma

115
Q

plasma fluid after the blood cells and the clotting proteins have been removed

A

serum

116
Q

clotting proteins found in plasma, clot formation to control bleeding

A

fibrinogen and prothrombin

117
Q

mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow, transport oxygen to tissues

A

erythrocytes

118
Q

oxygen carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes

A

hemoglobin

119
Q

wbc, blood cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances

A

leukocytes

120
Q

formed in red blood marrow, play a major role in the immune system’s defense against pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi

A

neutrophils

121
Q

formed in red bone marrow and then migrate to tissues throughout the body, destroy parasitic organisms and play a major role in allergic reactions

A

eosinophils

122
Q

formed in red bone marrow, in lymph nodes, and in the spleen, identify foreign substances and germs in the body and produce antibodies that specifically target them

A

lymphocytes

123
Q

formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and the spleen, provide immunological defenses against many infectious organisms

A

monocytes

124
Q

platelets, smallest formed elements of the blood, important role in clotting of the blood, become sticky when blood vessel is damaged, clump together to form clot to stop bleeding

A

thrombocytes

125
Q

defines the presence or absence of the rh antigen on the red blood cells

A

rh factor

126
Q

how many americans have the rh antigen? & called rh positive

A

85%

127
Q

how many americans do not have the rh anitgen? & called rh negative

A

15%

128
Q

when does the rh factor cause difficulties

A

when a rh positive baby is born to a rh negative mom

129
Q

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities diseases, and disorders of the heart

A

cardiologist

130
Q

physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases and disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues

A

hematologist

131
Q

physician who specializes in the diagnosis, medical management, and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels

A

vascular surgeon

132
Q

structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth

A

congenital heart defect

133
Q

atheroscelrosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle, creates an insufficient supply of oxygen that can cause angina, a myocardial infarction, or death

A

cad (coronary artery disease)

134
Q

characterized by unrelenting angina pain and a severely limited lifestyle

A

end-stage coronary artery disease

135
Q

hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries

A

atherosclerosis

136
Q

fatty deposit that is similar to the buildup of rust inside a pipe

A

plaque

137
Q

opening within these vessels through which the blood vessels

A

lumen

138
Q

severe episodes of chest pain occur due to an inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

A

angina

139
Q

occurs during exertion (exercise) and resolves with rest

A

stable angina

140
Q

accumulation of fluid in the lungs also known as pulmonary edema

A

left side heart failure

141
Q

fluid buildup throughout the rest of the body

A

right side heart failure

142
Q

disease of the heart muscle that causes the heart to become enlarged and to pump less strongly

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

143
Q

when treatment of cardiac arrest is not provided within a few minutes

A

sudden cardiac death

144
Q

episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium or in the av node

A

psvt (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia)

145
Q

rapid irregular and useless contractions of the ventricles

A

ventricular fibrillation

146
Q

very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles

A

ventricular tachycardia

147
Q

total cholesterol:
desirable levels?

A

below 200 mg/dL

148
Q

total cholesterol:
borderline high levels?

A

200-239 mg/dL

149
Q

total cholesterol
high levels?

A

240 mg/dL and above

150
Q

LDL:
optimal levels?

A

below 100 mg/dL

151
Q

LDL:
near optimal levels?

A

100-129 mg/dL

152
Q

LDL:
high levels?

A

160-189 mg/dL

153
Q

LDL:
very high levels?

A

190 mg/dL and above

154
Q

HDL
bad levels?

A

below 40 mg/dL

155
Q

HDL
better levels?

A

40 and 59 mg/dL

156
Q

HDL
best levels?

A

60 mg/dL

157
Q

triglycerides
desirable levels?

A

150 mg/dL

158
Q

triglycerides
borderline high levels?

A

150-199 mg/dL

159
Q

triglycerides:
high levels?

A

200-499 mg/dL

160
Q

triglycerides
very high levels?

A

500 mg/dL

161
Q

elevation of atrial blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system

A

hypertension

162
Q

consistently elevated blood pressure of unknown cause

A

primary hypertension, idiopathic hypertension, essential hypertension

163
Q

caused by a different medical problem, such as a kidney disorder or a tumor on the adrenal gland

A

secondary hypertension

164
Q

characterized by very high blood pressure, accompanied with damage to the organs, the brain, optic nerves, failure of the heart and kidneys

A

malignant hypertension

165
Q

normal blood pressure
systolic number?

A

less than 120

166
Q

normal blood pressure
diastolic number?

A

less than 80

167
Q

pre-hypertension
systolic number?

A

between 120 and 139

168
Q

pre-hypertension
diastolic number?

A

between 80 and 89

169
Q

stage 1 hypertension
systolic number?

A

between 140 and 159

170
Q

stage 1 hypertension
diastolic number

A

between 90 and 99

171
Q

stage 2 hypertension
systolic number?

A

160 or higher

172
Q

stage 2 hypertension
diastolic number?

A

100 or higher

173
Q

what is tylenol? midal? asprin?

A

acetaminophen

174
Q

what is midol? advil? motrin?

A

ibuprofen

175
Q

having a stroke drug?

A

tpa

176
Q

it is given to contact the heart more

A

digitailis

177
Q

constrict

A

vasocontrictor

178
Q

dialate

A

vacodialator

allied health ;) (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions