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Grade 10 Bio > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the digestive system do? (2 points)

A

Collect all nutrients for energy and growth
Input water into our bodies

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2
Q

Enlogated structure in our body (tubes and fibers)

A

GI Tract

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3
Q

GI stands for…

A

Gastrointestinal

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4
Q

How many days can you survive without food?

A

1-2 weeks

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5
Q

How many days can you survive without water?

A

2-3 days

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6
Q

Gastro means

A

Stomach

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7
Q

General functions of GI Tract

A

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion

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8
Q

The simple process of putting food in your body (through mouth)

A

Ingestion

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9
Q

Digestion

A

The most complex process in the digestive system
Breaks down food into molecules for energy and growth

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10
Q

What are the two types of digestion

A
  1. Mechanical digestion
  2. Chemical digestion
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11
Q

Mechanical digestion is

A

The physical breakdown of food exposes more surface areas for chemicals to be broken down easier
Increases efficiency

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12
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Uses enzymes, specialized proteins, to break down food using chemical reactions (acid)

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13
Q

GI TRACT ORGANS

A

mouth (salivary glands, teeth, tongue)
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

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14
Q

Accessory organs include:

A

In between stomach and small intestine

Liver
Gall bladder
Pancreas

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15
Q

Mouth and teeth

A

Responsible for mechanical digestion and ingestion

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16
Q

Salivary glands

A

Lubricates good to slide down esophagus
Includes enzymes that breaks down carbs

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17
Q

The space at the back of your throat where food and air share space

A

Pharynx

18
Q

Flap that closes trachea that prevents food from going towards lungs. If this fails you choke.

A

Epiglottis

19
Q

What muscle is the Gi tract composed of?

A

Smooth muscle

20
Q

Functions of Peristalsis

A

Moves food through contraction
Helps mechanical digestion by mixing food around in tract

21
Q

Does gravity move food to our stomach

A

Although it does help it is not the only factor

22
Q

Stomach

A

J shaped
Attached to esophagus
First major step in Chem digestion (contains HCl)
Lined with acid proof mucous layer

23
Q

RUGAE

A

highly folded interior of stomach
Where mucus and digestive enzymes are located

24
Q

SMALL INTESTINE

A

most chemical digestion takes place
Secrets enzymes and has sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid
Connected to accessory organs
Helps with mechanical digestion

25
Q

LARGE INTESTINE

A

Absorbs minerals, vitamins, and water too create solid fecal matter
Also known as gut or colon

26
Q

Appendix

A

Dead pouch or replenishes good bacteria

27
Q

Rectum and Anus

A

R- Connects to large intestine and anus
Exit point if digestive tract

28
Q

Where does excretion take place

A

Rectum and anus

29
Q

Are accessory organs associated with Gi tract?

A

Yes; however, food does not pass through them
Responsible for secreting substances into GI tract to help with digestion

30
Q

Largest organ and created bile for fat digestion (fats emulsifies to mix with water)

A

Liver

31
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

Gall bladder - which secretes bile into small intestine

32
Q

What is bile composed of

A

Minerals
Salts
That emulsifies fats

33
Q

Pancreas

A

Creates a large number of enzymes
regulates blood sugar

34
Q

Interior wall do small intestine

A

Villi

35
Q

Condition that occurs suddenly

A

Acute

36
Q

Chronic

A

Affects patient over a long extended period of time

37
Q

Are many digestive systems disorders chronic?

A

Yes affects their quality of life

38
Q

Disorders of stomach: gastroenteritis

A
  • stomach flu
  • intestines get swollen with virus or bacteria
  • swelling in stomach
  • certain species of bacteria may secrete toxins that affect intestines ability to absorb water
    If water is secreting into intestines = shit
    -drink liquids with sugar/salts
  • may need IV
    Antibiotics
    Fecal transplants
39
Q

Stomach ulcers

A

Holes burned in stomach bc of stomach acid (when stomach lining fails to protect)
Could cause bleeding
Treatment is actacids
Heliobacter pylori weakens stomach lining
Vomit when eating
Fecal matter may help

40
Q

GERD - gastroesphogeal reflux disease

A

Heatburn
Acid burns proteins/muscles in espoughus
Treatment: surgery/ sleeping sitting up/medicine to neutralize/antacids shut down proton pumps

41
Q

Smk

A

Kms

Grade 10 Bio (6 decks)

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