Circulatory system Flashcards
Purpose and function of the circulatory system
to move blood throughout the body
help tissues get oxygen and nutrience, and get rid of waste
organs
blood (not an actual organ)
heart
blood vessels
arteries
capillaries
veins
contents in blood
red blood cells - carry oxygen
white blood cells - make up the immune system
platelets - needed for clotting
plasma - blood cells nutrience and waste float in this liquid
heart
pumps blood around the body
inside chest in front of the lungs
slightly to the left of the body
made of four chambers
blood flows one way because of heart valves
parts of the heart
inferior vena cava
superior vena cava
right atrium
Right ventricle
left atrium
left ventricle
pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein
aorta
carries blood from legs feet and organ in the abdomen and pelvis
inferior vena cava
carries head near head, neck arm and chest
superior vena cava
one of the 4 heart chambers
receives blood low in oxygen and empties blood into the right ventricle
right atrium
pumps blood low in oxygen to the lungs
right ventricle
one of the 4 chambers of the heart receives blood full of oxygen from the lungs and empties it into the left ventricle
left atrium
pumps oxygen rich blood into the body
left ventricle
carry blood from heart to lungs, only arteries that carry oxygen poor blood
pulmonary arteries
blood vessels that transfer freshly oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium of the heart
pulmonary veins
main artery that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
aorta
heart valves
parts of the heart that act like doors. open and close to let blood flow from one area of the heart to another
three heart valves
pulmonary
mirtal
aortic
pulmonary valve
3 leaflets
allow blood to pump from right ventricle to pulmonary artery
prevents blood from going backward
Mitral and aortic (not needed)
Mitral
2 leaflets
blood from lungs to left atrium,
Aortic
3 leaflets left ventricle to aorta
blood vessles
range of sizes and structures depending on role within the body
arteries, capillaries, veins
arteries
distribute oxygen hormones and nutrients throughout body
muscular tube lined with smooth muscle
capillaries
delicate blood vessels
transport blood nutrients and oxygen to cells in organs and body system
veins
collect oxygen poor blood and return to heart
illnesses and disease
high cholesterol
stroke
heart attack
what is high cholesterol
un needed fats and lipids in blood vessels
high cholesterol causes
lack of exercise, unhealth diet and drinking and smoking too much
high cholesterol symptoms
decrease blood flow
bulky layer inside vessels
arteries are nor receiving enough blood
nutrients from heart and brain are limited
high cholesterol tretments
eating health
being active
avoiding smoking and drinking
untreated plaque can build up and cause a heart attack of stroke
what is a stroke
brain does not get enough blood, or blood vessel ruptures
blood vessel intruded by clot = ischemic
blood vessel ruptures, blood spill, and pressure on brain cells = hemorrhagic
causes of a stroke
stress
high blood pressure
stroke symptoms
blood flow gets limited and stops flowing to brain
lack of oxygen and nutrients in brain
brain cells instantly die
stroke treatmemts
ischemic stroke thrombolytic drugs or mechanical thrombectomy to remove clot
hemorrhagic stoke surgery to prevent bleeding
what is a heart attack
cut of of supply of blood and oxygen to the body
irreversible damage to muscle cells (after 30 mins)
causes of heart attack
artery that sends blood and artery to heart is blocked
coronary artery disease
high blood pressure
lack of exercise
stress
smoking
symptoms of a heart attack
shortness of breath
chest pain
light headedness
nauseas
heart attack treatment
aspirin
clot busters
morphine
beta blocker
managing stress, activeness, healthy weight (prevent)
