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LEC CPROT > Digestive system > Flashcards

Digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

System for maintenance of life

A

Digestive, Excretory, Circulatory, Respiratory system.

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2
Q

Systems for movement

A

Nervous and Muscular, Sensory organs

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3
Q

System for perpetuation

A

Reproductive

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4
Q

System for support and protection

A

Integumentary

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5
Q

System for Regulation of life processes

A

endocrine system

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6
Q

Regions of the alimentary canal

A

Foregut - stomodaeum
Midgut - Mesenteron
Hindgut - proctodaeum

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7
Q

Region of alimentary canal that is lined with spines or intima, hair or teeth

A

Foregut

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8
Q

muscle for fodd ingestion

A

pharynx

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9
Q

narrow tube leading to crop

A

esophagus

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10
Q

dilated
for food ingestion

A

crop

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11
Q

to grind particles of food

A

proventriculus

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12
Q

regulates passage of food from foregut to midgut

A

cardiac sphincter

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13
Q

parts of the foregut

A

pharynx
esophagus
crop
proventriculus
cardiac sphincter

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14
Q

parts of the midgut

A

gastric caeca
ventriculus
pyloric sphincter

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15
Q

boundary of foregut and midgut

A

gastric caeca

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16
Q

primary site for enzymatic digestion
lined with peritrophic membrane

A

ventriculus

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17
Q

a semipermeable membrane lining the midgut
have microvilli and made up of goblet cells

A

peritrophic membrane

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18
Q

increases the surface area for nutrient absorption

A

microvilli

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19
Q

boundary between the midgut and the hindgut

A

pyloric sphincter

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20
Q

peritrophic membrane is made up of

A

protein, chitin and mucopolysaccharide

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21
Q

are secretory and absorptive

A

midgut cells / goblet cells

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22
Q

cells involved in the production of ezymes and secretions

A

regenerative goblet cells

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23
Q

help pump out k from hemolymph

A

degenerative goblet cells

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24
Q

absorption takes place in the

A

midgut

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25
Q

diffusion form higher to lower concentration

A

passive absorption

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26
Q

energy is needed for the transport of nutrient from the lumen to the parts of the body

A

active absorption

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27
Q

midgut cells instead of lining the surface are ______

A

invaginated

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28
Q

subdivision in of the midgut where water absorption takes place

A

anterior midgut

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29
Q

subdivision of the midgut where concentration of food stuff takes place (acidic)

A

middle midgut

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30
Q

subdivision of the midgut where nutrient absorption takes place (alkaline digestion)

A

posterior midgut

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31
Q

demarkation between midgut and hindgut

A

pyloric sphincter

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32
Q

processes used by insects to obtain food

A

secure the food
gain access to or select the ingestible parts
transfer them into storage or processing part of the gut

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33
Q

structure involved in obtaining food

A

mouth parts
salivary system
food pumps
skeletal and muscular components

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34
Q

tube like proboscis for nectar feeding

A

siphoning

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35
Q

mouthparts for housefly

A

sponging type

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36
Q

mouthparts of bees

A

lapping

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37
Q

caddisflies

A

silknets

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38
Q

mosquitoes

A

cuticular filters

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39
Q

series of hydrolytic reactions that convert complex substances to simpler ones

A

digestion

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40
Q

proteins to aa

A

proteinase

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41
Q

carbs to sugars

A

carbohydrases

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42
Q

fats to glycerols

A

lipase

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43
Q

proteins that can catalyze reactions

A

enzymes

44
Q

enzymes are produced in

A

salivary glands, gastric caeca and midgut cells

45
Q

blood feeding species have

A

proteolytic enzymes

46
Q

wood boring species have

A

cellulase

47
Q

clear watery neutral fluid that is basically composed of AMYLASE AND INVERTASE (SUCRASE)

A

saliva

48
Q

functions of saliva

A

moistening of food and mouthparts
sugar dissolving

49
Q

depends in the food source

A

feeding habits

50
Q

list of physiological adaptations

A

-feeding habits
-presence of microorganism in the gut
-cultivation of fungal gardens
-filter chamber
-stylet sheath or hardened saliva
-food storage
-extra intestinal digestion
-digestion of unusual food
-hematophagous insects

51
Q

Present in cerambycid and tipulid for wood vegetable and bacteria

A

bacterial fermentation chamber

52
Q

species that cultivates fungal gardens

A

ants, beetles, wood wasps and termites

53
Q

uses insect feces and dead bodies for fungal gardens

A

primitive ant genera

54
Q

use plant, leaf adn lfowers ofr fungal gardens

A

intermediate genera

55
Q

uses fresh leaves and flower for fungal gardens

A

complex genera

56
Q

fungus in the gardens produce _________ that consist of sterile hyphae with swollen terminal cells

A

bromatia (staphylae)

57
Q

where does the virgin q ant held the pellet

A

infrabuccal pouch

58
Q

aims to remove the fluid in the food as not to dilute the hemolymph and thus easily concentrate food for digestion

A

filter chamber

59
Q

internal stores in the fat bodies

A

food storage

60
Q

digests mucopolysaccharide in the connective tissue

A

hyaluronidase

61
Q

insects that practice extra intestinal digestion

A

carnivorous heteropterans
plant sucking homopterans
silkworm
blowflies

62
Q

saliva have pectinase and galacturonidase

A

plant sucking homopterans

63
Q

enzyme that can digest middle lamella of plant cell wall

A

pectinase

64
Q

enzyme in the midgut of silkworm that attack the silk

A

protease

65
Q

blood suckers have ________ that is identified as __________

A

anticoagulants, plasminogen activator

66
Q

processing of materials from the environment by organism, also refers to the type and quality of food.

A

nutrition

67
Q

refers to the information on chemical composition of the different components of the food

A

nature

68
Q

Types of insect food

A

food containing substances
food containing important chemical components

69
Q

necessary to fullfil the nutritional requirements of insects

A

food containing substances

70
Q

type of food to induce or attract feeding

A

food containing important chemical components

71
Q

secondary plants substances

A

non-nutritional

72
Q

necessary substances that the insect does not have the capacity to synthesize

A

nutritional (essential)

73
Q

nutrients that can be manufactured by insects

A

nutrintional (non-essential)

74
Q

3 basic rules of insect nutrition

A

rules of sameness
principle of nutrient proportionality
principle of cooperating supplements

75
Q

refers to the suitable balance of different nutrients needed for normal development

A

principle of nutrient proportionality

76
Q

refers to the substitute sources of nutrients

A

principle of cooperating supplements

77
Q

general nutrient requirements of insects

A

proteins
carbohydrates
fats
vitamins
phospholipids
minerals
nucleic acid
sterols

78
Q

needed for cell and enzyme production

A

proteins (amino acids)

79
Q

needed to build tissues and enzymes

A

aa

80
Q

excessive amount of protein in drosophila produce

A

melanotic tumors

81
Q

deficiency affects growth development and reproduction

A

proteins

82
Q

results of low protein in apis mellifera

A

brittle integument and general paralysis

83
Q

effect of low protein in european corn borer

A

delayed molting or supernumerary molts

84
Q

effect of low protein in drosophila

A

prevention of yolk synthesis

85
Q

main energy source

A

carbhydrates

86
Q

monomers of carbs

A

glucose and fructose

87
Q

dimers of carbs

A

sucrose and trehalose

88
Q

tri, tetra and penta mers of carbs

A

raffinose

89
Q

polymers of carb

A

starch
glycogen
cellulose

90
Q

needed for hormone production

A

fats and oils

91
Q

building blocks for hormoneproduction

A

sterols

92
Q

essential in metabolism, as constituents of enzyme system

A

vitamins

93
Q

vitamins that acts as cofactors for enzymatic reactions

A

water soluble b vitamins (1,6,12)

94
Q

b vitamins involved in carbohydrate metabolism

A

thiamine and riboflavin

95
Q

b vitamins that acts as coenzyme in tryptophan metabolism

A

pyridoxine

96
Q

vitamins responsible for the reproduction of predators and parasitoids

A

vitamin a and e

97
Q

vitamin that accelerate growth for males

A

vitamin a

98
Q

essential components in the synthesis of lipids inositol and choline

A

phospholipids

99
Q

minerals for insects

A

na, k, mg, p04, cl

100
Q

especial requirement for dipterans

A

nucleic acids

101
Q

fulfills the sterols req of insects
important for cytoplasmic membrane
starting material for synthesis of ECDYSONE

A

cholesterols

102
Q

food is used for

A

energy production
growth and development
reproduction

103
Q

applied aspect of insect nutrition

A

insect control and mass production of insects

104
Q

insects feeding on plants

A

phytophagous

105
Q

insects feeding on other animals

A

zoophagous

106
Q

insect feeding on non-living organic matter

A

saprophagous

107
Q

insects feeding on cross categories

A

omnivorous

LEC CPROT (11 decks)

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