Digestive system Flashcards
1
Q
System for maintenance of life
A
Digestive, Excretory, Circulatory, Respiratory system.
2
Q
Systems for movement
A
Nervous and Muscular, Sensory organs
3
Q
System for perpetuation
A
Reproductive
4
Q
System for support and protection
A
Integumentary
5
Q
System for Regulation of life processes
A
endocrine system
6
Q
Regions of the alimentary canal
A
Foregut - stomodaeum
Midgut - Mesenteron
Hindgut - proctodaeum
7
Q
Region of alimentary canal that is lined with spines or intima, hair or teeth
A
Foregut
8
Q
muscle for fodd ingestion
A
pharynx
9
Q
narrow tube leading to crop
A
esophagus
10
Q
dilated
for food ingestion
A
crop
11
Q
to grind particles of food
A
proventriculus
12
Q
regulates passage of food from foregut to midgut
A
cardiac sphincter
13
Q
parts of the foregut
A
pharynx
esophagus
crop
proventriculus
cardiac sphincter
14
Q
parts of the midgut
A
gastric caeca
ventriculus
pyloric sphincter
15
Q
boundary of foregut and midgut
A
gastric caeca
16
Q
primary site for enzymatic digestion
lined with peritrophic membrane
A
ventriculus
17
Q
a semipermeable membrane lining the midgut
have microvilli and made up of goblet cells
A
peritrophic membrane
18
Q
increases the surface area for nutrient absorption
A
microvilli
19
Q
boundary between the midgut and the hindgut
A
pyloric sphincter
20
Q
peritrophic membrane is made up of
A
protein, chitin and mucopolysaccharide
21
Q
are secretory and absorptive
A
midgut cells / goblet cells
22
Q
cells involved in the production of ezymes and secretions
A
regenerative goblet cells
23
Q
help pump out k from hemolymph
A
degenerative goblet cells
24
Q
absorption takes place in the
A
midgut
25
diffusion form higher to lower concentration
passive absorption
26
energy is needed for the transport of nutrient from the lumen to the parts of the body
active absorption
27
midgut cells instead of lining the surface are ______
invaginated
28
subdivision in of the midgut where water absorption takes place
anterior midgut
29
subdivision of the midgut where concentration of food stuff takes place (acidic)
middle midgut
30
subdivision of the midgut where nutrient absorption takes place (alkaline digestion)
posterior midgut
31
demarkation between midgut and hindgut
pyloric sphincter
32
processes used by insects to obtain food
secure the food
gain access to or select the ingestible parts
transfer them into storage or processing part of the gut
33
structure involved in obtaining food
mouth parts
salivary system
food pumps
skeletal and muscular components
34
tube like proboscis for nectar feeding
siphoning
35
mouthparts for housefly
sponging type
36
mouthparts of bees
lapping
37
caddisflies
silknets
38
mosquitoes
cuticular filters
39
series of hydrolytic reactions that convert complex substances to simpler ones
digestion
40
proteins to aa
proteinase
41
carbs to sugars
carbohydrases
42
fats to glycerols
lipase
43
proteins that can catalyze reactions
enzymes
44
enzymes are produced in
salivary glands, gastric caeca and midgut cells
45
blood feeding species have
proteolytic enzymes
46
wood boring species have
cellulase
47
clear watery neutral fluid that is basically composed of AMYLASE AND INVERTASE (SUCRASE)
saliva
48
functions of saliva
moistening of food and mouthparts
sugar dissolving
49
depends in the food source
feeding habits
50
list of physiological adaptations
-feeding habits
-presence of microorganism in the gut
-cultivation of fungal gardens
-filter chamber
-stylet sheath or hardened saliva
-food storage
-extra intestinal digestion
-digestion of unusual food
-hematophagous insects
51
Present in cerambycid and tipulid for wood vegetable and bacteria
bacterial fermentation chamber
52
species that cultivates fungal gardens
ants, beetles, wood wasps and termites
53
uses insect feces and dead bodies for fungal gardens
primitive ant genera
54
use plant, leaf adn lfowers ofr fungal gardens
intermediate genera
55
uses fresh leaves and flower for fungal gardens
complex genera
56
fungus in the gardens produce _________ that consist of sterile hyphae with swollen terminal cells
bromatia (staphylae)
57
where does the virgin q ant held the pellet
infrabuccal pouch
58
aims to remove the fluid in the food as not to dilute the hemolymph and thus easily concentrate food for digestion
filter chamber
59
internal stores in the fat bodies
food storage
60
digests mucopolysaccharide in the connective tissue
hyaluronidase
61
insects that practice extra intestinal digestion
carnivorous heteropterans
plant sucking homopterans
silkworm
blowflies
62
saliva have pectinase and galacturonidase
plant sucking homopterans
63
enzyme that can digest middle lamella of plant cell wall
pectinase
64
enzyme in the midgut of silkworm that attack the silk
protease
65
blood suckers have ________ that is identified as __________
anticoagulants, plasminogen activator
66
processing of materials from the environment by organism, also refers to the type and quality of food.
nutrition
67
refers to the information on chemical composition of the different components of the food
nature
68
Types of insect food
food containing substances
food containing important chemical components
69
necessary to fullfil the nutritional requirements of insects
food containing substances
70
type of food to induce or attract feeding
food containing important chemical components
71
secondary plants substances
non-nutritional
72
necessary substances that the insect does not have the capacity to synthesize
nutritional (essential)
73
nutrients that can be manufactured by insects
nutrintional (non-essential)
74
3 basic rules of insect nutrition
rules of sameness
principle of nutrient proportionality
principle of cooperating supplements
75
refers to the suitable balance of different nutrients needed for normal development
principle of nutrient proportionality
76
refers to the substitute sources of nutrients
principle of cooperating supplements
77
general nutrient requirements of insects
proteins
carbohydrates
fats
vitamins
phospholipids
minerals
nucleic acid
sterols
78
needed for cell and enzyme production
proteins (amino acids)
79
needed to build tissues and enzymes
aa
80
excessive amount of protein in drosophila produce
melanotic tumors
81
deficiency affects growth development and reproduction
proteins
82
results of low protein in apis mellifera
brittle integument and general paralysis
83
effect of low protein in european corn borer
delayed molting or supernumerary molts
84
effect of low protein in drosophila
prevention of yolk synthesis
85
main energy source
carbhydrates
86
monomers of carbs
glucose and fructose
87
dimers of carbs
sucrose and trehalose
88
tri, tetra and penta mers of carbs
raffinose
89
polymers of carb
starch
glycogen
cellulose
90
needed for hormone production
fats and oils
91
building blocks for hormoneproduction
sterols
92
essential in metabolism, as constituents of enzyme system
vitamins
93
vitamins that acts as cofactors for enzymatic reactions
water soluble b vitamins (1,6,12)
94
b vitamins involved in carbohydrate metabolism
thiamine and riboflavin
95
b vitamins that acts as coenzyme in tryptophan metabolism
pyridoxine
96
vitamins responsible for the reproduction of predators and parasitoids
vitamin a and e
97
vitamin that accelerate growth for males
vitamin a
98
essential components in the synthesis of lipids inositol and choline
phospholipids
99
minerals for insects
na, k, mg, p04, cl
100
especial requirement for dipterans
nucleic acids
101
fulfills the sterols req of insects
important for cytoplasmic membrane
starting material for synthesis of ECDYSONE
cholesterols
102
food is used for
energy production
growth and development
reproduction
103
applied aspect of insect nutrition
insect control and mass production of insects
104
insects feeding on plants
phytophagous
105
insects feeding on other animals
zoophagous
106
insect feeding on non-living organic matter
saprophagous
107
insects feeding on cross categories
omnivorous
