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Health: Unit 1 > Digestive, Excretory, Endocrine, And Integumentary System > Flashcards

Digestive, Excretory, Endocrine, And Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Gland

A

And organ or group of cells that secretes a chemical substance of the body

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2
Q

Hormone

A

A chemical substance produced by the glands of the endocrine system in order to control specific tissues and organs

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3
Q

Purpose of digestive system?

A

Similar to respiratory system, prepares needed energy and building supplies for absorption by the cells

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4
Q

Digestive begins in?

A

Mouth

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5
Q

What breaks up food in mouth?

A

Teeth, salivary glands, and the tongue

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6
Q

Salivary glands secrete?

A

Enzymes which prepare food for digestion in stomach

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7
Q

The tongue?

A

Manipulates food in mouth until it is well lubricates and chewed, it then pushes food into pharynx

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8
Q

Pharynx?

A

Forms food into small balls, which are pushed into the esophagus

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9
Q

Esophagus?

A

Transports balls of food into stomach

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10
Q

Stomach?

A

Mixes food with powerful chemicals to further digestive process, functions as storage tank, holding food until it passes into small intestine

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11
Q

Gastric juices?

A

Powerful chemicals in stomach, break down food into a thick liquid called chyme.

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12
Q

Small intestine

A

Secretes salts, acids, and enzymes, which continue breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbs

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13
Q

Digestive juices originate in?

A

Liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

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14
Q

Nutrients from food are absorbed into?

A

Bloodstream

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15
Q

How are nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?

A

Through small finger-like nodules on the wall of the small intestine called villi

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16
Q

Chemicals and other substances that cannot be digested by body are?

A

Passed into the large intestine

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17
Q

Villi in the large intestine?

A

absorb most of the water and remaining amounts of vitamins and minerals in the food

18
Q

Undigested substance?

A

Feces, expelled through anus

19
Q

Main organ of excretory system?

A

Kidneys

20
Q

What is routed to kidneys?

A

Waste-filed blood, via the renal artery

21
Q

What filters waste-filled blood in excretory system and what substances are filtered?

A

Kidneys, removes excess water, salts, uric acid, and chemicals from medications or poisonous substances

22
Q

Urine

A

Liquid waste formed from kidneys filtering of waste-filled blood

23
Q

Urine passes from kidneys to?

A

Urinary bladder through two tubes called ureters

24
Q

Urethra

A

Tube that removes urine from urinary bladder

25
Q

Excess salt and water are excreted through?

A

Sweat glands

26
Q

What is expelled from the body by the lungs?

A

Carbon dioxide and water vapors

27
Q

Endocrine system

A

Regulates body’s metabolism, growth, and functions of sexual organs

28
Q

Hormones control the functioning of?

A

Organs

29
Q

Endocrine system consists of ____ which secrete chemicals directly into the _____

A

Glands, bloodstream

30
Q

Main gland of endocrine system?

A

Pituitary gland

31
Q

Where is the pituitary gland located?

A

At the base of the brain

32
Q

Function of pituitary gland?

A

Controls and regulates all other glands

Controls body’s rate of growth

33
Q

Growth hormones act as?

A

Messengers, telling your bones and tissues to create more cells, thus producing more growth

34
Q

Other glands of the endocrine system?

A

Pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and reproductive glands

35
Q

Integumentary system

A

The skin

36
Q

Function of the integumentary system?

A

Protests the internal organs from harmful bacteria, sunlight, and injury

37
Q

Largest organ of body?

A

Skin

38
Q

Layers of skin

A

Epidermis and dermis

39
Q

Epidermis

A

Outer layer of skin, made up of dead cells and new cells which make the body waterproof, give color of skin, and help maintain the body’s hydration levels

40
Q

Dermis

A

Contains blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles, and nerve cells which function as sensory receptors

41
Q

Sweating and goose bumps are actions of the?

A

Dermis

42
Q

What channels the waste-filled blood to the excretory system?

A

The renal artery

Health: Unit 1 (11 decks)

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