DIGESTIVE

Question 1

Insufficient saliva

Condition name

Cause

Answer 1

Difficulty swallowing
Tooth decay

Xerostomia

By radiation of jaw which damages the parotid gland

By sjogren syndrome

Question 2

What enzyme does saliva contain

Function

Answer 2

Salivary amylase

Breaks down food into smaller sugar

Question 3

Name tube between the mouth and stomach

Two names of valve which prevents stomach reflux

Answer 3

Upper and lower esophageal

Question 4

Physiological cause of heart burn? Medical name

Answer 4

Gastroesophagal reflux disease

The acid from stomach goes up to the esophagus burning the lining of the esophagus

Question 5

Drugs for heartburn and how do they work (3)

Answer 5

Antacids neutralized stomach acid

H2 antagonist inhibit production of HCL in the stomach

Proton pump inhibitor inhibit HCL production may cause hip fractures

Question 6

What is achlorhydria and what problems can it cause

Answer 6

Reduces HCL in stomach

May decrease protein hydrolysis
May reduce ability to absorb vitamin b-12

Question 7

Function of gastric juice

Hormone that controls release of gastric juice

Enzyme in gastric juice

Enzyme role and how is it activated

Answer 7

Kills bacteria and denature protein chain to prep it for short peptide chains and amino acid

Gastrin hormone

Pepsinogen: HCL trigger it to partially unfold and hydrolyzes itself activating itself into Pepsin

Pepsin: unfold short peptide chains and amino acids

Pepsin is stable under strongly acid condition

Question 8

Three portion of the small intestine

What valve control flow of stomach content into duodenum and prevent reflux

Answer 8

Duodenum,jejunum,ileum

Pyloric sphincter

Question 9

Gastroparesis

Answer 9

Impaired peristaltic contraction

Question 10

Anatomical feature of small intestine help maximize nutrition absorption

Answer 10

Small intestine micro villi

Question 11

What part of vascular system are water soluble

What organ do they pass through immediately after absorption

Answer 11

Transferred to vessels which combine into the portal vein

Into liver before circulating them into the hepatic vein

Question 12

Into what vessel fat is absorbed
Into what duct do these vessels combine
How does this system return to bloodstream
In what form are fat “solubuilized

Answer 12

Absorbed into lacteals vessel

Combined into the thoracic duct

Goes into lymphatic system and enter the subclavian vein near heart

Question 13

What hormone control release of sodium bicarbonate

Where is it secreted from

Nessecities?

Answer 13

Secretin

Neutralizes HCL juice

Duodenum cells into blood

Question 14

Function golf bike
Hormone control of bile
Other psychological function promoted by this hormone
Second hormone

Answer 14

Emulsified fat making it easier for lipase in water to break down fat

CCK hormone controls bile by contraction of gall bladder

Question 15

Describe IBS LONG TERM

Answer 15

Constipation problem pooping

Destruction of villi leads to poorer absorption of nutrients

Question 16

Primary function of large intestine

Factors influences the frequency of bowel movement

Answer 16

Reabsorption of water to form stool

high fiber diet

Question 17

Describe several function of saliva

Answer 17

Wash away bacteria from teeth
Reduce cavities
Histatin protein for healing
Helps swallow

Question 18

Digesting problems with cystic fibrosis

Treatment prescribed

Answer 18

Thick mucous in the cell of the lung small intestine and pancreas

Can’t breath,doesn’t absorb nutrition, lack a releasing digestive enzyme

Do not absorb much food

High nutrient high caloric diet
Enteric coated enzyme capsules

Question 19

Enzym in small intestine

Answer 19

Amylase break down starch
Protease peptide and amino
Lipase break down fatty acid and glycerol

Question 20

Scientific term for fatty stool

Answer 20

Steatorrhea