digestion in pigs and chickens Flashcards
digestion
breakdown of foods into soluble particles that can then be passed through the intestinal wall into the blood stream for use by the animal
three main salivary glands
parotid
sub-lingual
mandibular
four regions of the stomach
oesophageal
cardiac (mucus secretion)
fundic (hydrochloric acid and pepsin secretion)
pyloric
exocrine function of the pancreas
secretion of sodium bicarbonate and digestive enzymes
endocrine function of the pancreas
secretin of insulin or glucagon in repsonse to blood glucose levels
functions of bile salts
digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins
aids pancreatic lipase in the small intestine
absorption of cholesterol
Parts of the small intestine
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
why do birds require the aid of gravity to drink water
the slit in the hard palate and the absence of soft palate means no vacuum can be formed to draw water in to the mouth
crop
enlargement of the oesophagus used as storage
when can a crop become impacted and what is the problem with crop impaction
when feed is withheld for extended periods of time or when a chicken is free-range in a pasture of tough fibrous vegetation
swollen crop closes of windpipe and cuts of oxygen supply
proventriculus
true stomach of birds
Gizzard
consists of two pairs of thick red muscle used for grinding and mashing of the food particles
performs 2-5 contractions per min
Merkel’s diverticulum
small projection on the SI
indicates end of jejunum and start of ileum
attachment point for yolk sac
Caeca in chickens Function
fermentation of coarse material and production of B-Vitamins
cloaca
where the digestive, urinary and reproductive systems meet
